A Momentary Exposures Analysis of Proximity to Alcohol Outlets and Risk for Assault

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Addiction
• Personal Author:
  Morrison, Christopher N. ; Dong, Beidi ; Branas, Charles C. ; Richmond, Therese S. ; Wiebe, Douglas J.
• Description:
  Aims
  
  This study estimated, with high spatial and temporal specificity, individuals' risk of being assaulted relative to their momentary proximity to alcohol outlets during daily activities.
  
  Design
  
  Case-control study.
  
  Setting
  
  Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
  
  Participants
  
  Cases were 194 non-gun assault victims and 135 gun assault victims aged between 10 and 24 years. Age-matched controls (n = 274) were selected using random-digit dialing.
  
  Measurements
  
  Participants described minute-by-minute movements (i.e. activity paths) over the course of the day of the assault (cases) or a recent randomly selected day within three days of interview (controls). The dependent measure was being an assault case compared with a non-assault control. The main independent measures were participants' momentary proximity to alcohol outlets. The units of analysis were 10-minute segments beginning at 4 a.m.
  
  Findings
  
  Proximity to bars and restaurants was associated with decreased odds of non-gun assault before 1pm (e.g. 7am to 9:59 a.m.: OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.94; p = 0.008), and increased odds after 7pm (e.g. 1am to 3:59am: OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.24, 3.09; p = 0.004). Proximity to beer stores was associated with increased odds before 1pm (e.g. 7am to 9:59am: OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.58, 3.46; p = < 0.001) and from 4pm to 6:59pm (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.96; p = 0.004), but decreased odds after 7pm (e.g. 1am to 3:59am: OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.63; p = 0.002). Proximity to alcohol outlets was mostly unrelated to risks for gun assault.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Individuals in areas with greater densities of bars and restaurants and beer stores appear to be increased risk for non-gun assault at times when these outlets are likely to be most heavily patronized.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Alcoholic Beverages Case-Control Studies Child Commerce Crime Victims Female Humans Male Residence Characteristics Socioeconomic Factors Time Urban Population Violence Young Adult

  More +
• Source:
  Addiction. 112(2):269-278.
• Pubmed ID:
  27741373
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5233564
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  R01 AA014944/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States ; R01 AA016187/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States ; R49 CE002474/CE/NCIPC CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  Philadelphia, PA
• Volume:
  112
• Issue:
  2
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:bfeec058d377fd7998cb7d3fe41827fbfdbd1f3b5063b8ebe25d2a382cbefae9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/55062/cdc_55062_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 170.52 KB ]