Details:

Alternative Title:
Am J Prev Med
Personal Author:
Boothe, Vickie L. ; Boehmer, Tegan K. ; Wendel, Arthur M. ; Yip, Fuyuen Y.
Boothe, Vickie L. ; Boehmer, Tegan K. ; Wendel, Arthur M. ; Yip, Fuyuen Y. Less -
Description:
Context

Exposure to elevated concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants in the near-road environment is associated with numerous adverse human health effects, including childhood cancer, which has been increasing since 1975. Results of individual epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between residential traffic exposure and childhood cancer.

Evidence acquisition

Studies published between January 1980 and July 2011 were retrieved from a systematic search of 18 bibliographic databases. Nine studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Weighted summary ORs were calculated using a random effects model for outcomes with four or more studies. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.

Evidence synthesis

Childhood leukemia was positively associated (summary OR=1.53, 95% CI=1.12, 2.10) with residential traffic exposure among seven studies using a postnatal exposure window (e.g., childhood period or diagnosis address) and there was no association (summary OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.78, 1.09) among four studies using a prenatal exposure window (e.g., pregnancy period or birth address). There were too few studies to analyze other childhood cancer outcomes.

Conclusions

Current evidence suggests that childhood leukemia is associated with residential traffic exposure during the postnatal period, but not during the prenatal period. Additional well-designed epidemiologic studies that use complete residential history to estimate traffic exposure, examine leukemia subtypes, and control for potential confounding factors are needed to confirm these findings. As many people reside near busy roads, especially in urban areas, precautionary public health messages and interventions designed to reduce population exposure to traffic might be warranted.


Subjects:
[+]
Adolescent Air Pollutants Article Child Child, Preschool Environmental Exposure Female Housing Humans Infant Leukemia Motor Vehicles Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Risk Assessment
Source:
Am J Prev Med. 46(4):413-422.
Pubmed ID:
24650845
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5779082
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:04faf9799c5ed33e0e3e2a0117d76226ced264fed8992aed374b9d55a531257d
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/51155/cdc_51155_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

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