Cytomegalovirus Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Exposed and HIV-Infected Infants: A Systematic Review

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Ellington, Sascha R. ; Clarke, Kristie E. N. ; Kourtis, Athena P.
• Description:
  Cytomegalovirus is highly prevalent worldwide and an important opportunistic pathogen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The effects of cytomegalovirus infection on HIV-exposed infants are poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between cytomegalovirus and HIV infections among HIV-exposed infants. Limited evidence suggests that HIV-induced immunosuppression in the mother increases the rate of congenital cytomegalovirus infection, while maternal antiretroviral therapy may reduce it. Limited information exists on the direction of the relationship between cytomegalovirus and HIV transmission among HIV-exposed infants. Only 2 studies have addressed this temporal sequence of events, and they suggest that cytomegalovirus can lead to subsequent HIV infection in HIV-exposed infants. Most evidence suggests that early cytomegalovirus infection accelerates HIV disease progression in infants. Gaps remain in understanding the role that cytomegalovirus infection plays in HIV-exposed infants. Decreasing cytomegalovirus transmission prenatally and in infancy might further decrease HIV transmission and lead to better health among HIV-exposed infants.
• Subjects:
  Article Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus Infections Female HIV HIV-exposed Infant HIV Infections Humans Infant Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Mother-to-child Transmission Pregnancy

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• Source:
  J Infect Dis. 213(6):891-900.
• Pubmed ID:
  26597258
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5746313
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  213
• Issue:
  6
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:6d83aacfebe9bb2af1cf8a7ae3ed0b1b945ee0926bcefc7f6d89508ecda15d27
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/50647/cdc_50647_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 98.04 KB ]