Details:

Alternative Title:
J Clin Microbiol
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00176-17
Personal Author:
Makadzange, A. Tariro ; Boyd, F. Kathryn ; Chimukangara, Benjamin ; Masimirembwa, Collen ; Katzenstein, David ; ... More +
Makadzange, A. Tariro ; Boyd, F. Kathryn ; Chimukangara, Benjamin ; Masimirembwa, Collen ; Katzenstein, David ; Ndhlovu, Chiratidzo E. ; Less -
Description:
Although Roche COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan (CAP/CTM) systems are widely used in sub-Saharan Africa for early infant diagnosis of HIV from dried blood spots (DBS), viral load monitoring with this system is not practical due to nonspecific extraction of both cell-free and cell-associated viral nucleic acids. A simplified DBS extraction technique for cell-free virus elution using phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) may provide an alternative analyte for lower-cost quantitative HIV virus load (VL) testing to monitor antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the CAP/CTM v2.0 assay in 272 paired plasma and DBS specimens using the cell-free virus elution method and determined the level of agreement, sensitivity, and specificity at thresholds of target not detected (TND), target below the limit of quantification (BLQ) (<20 copies/ml in plasma or <400 copies/ml in DBS), and VL of <1,000 copies/ml, and VL of <5,000 copies/ml. Reported plasma VL ranged from TND, or <20, to 5,781,592 copies/ml, and DBS VL ranged from TND, or <400, to 467,600 copies/ml. At <1000 copies/ml, agreement between DBS and plasma was 96.7% (kappa coefficient, 0.93; P < 0.0001). The mean difference between DBS and plasma VL values was -1.06 log10 copies/ml (95% confidence interval [CI], -1.17, -0.97; P < 0.0001). At a treatment failure threshold of >1,000 copies/ml, the sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV) were 92.7%, 100%, 100%, and 94.3%, respectively. PBS elution of DBS offers a sensitive and specific method for monitoring plasma viremia among adults and children on ART at the WHO-recommended threshold of >1,000 copies/ml on the Roche CAP/CTM system.
Subject:
[+]
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 And Over
Blood
Buffers
Child
Child, Preschool
Desiccation
Female
HIV Infections
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Middle Aged
Predictive Value Of Tests
Sensitivity And Specificity
Specimen Handling
Viral Load
Young Adult

Source:
J Clin Microbiol. 2017 ; 55(7):2172-2179.;
Pubmed ID:
28468852
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5483919
Document Type:
Journal Article ;
Funding:
K08 AI104348/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; U01 GH000737/GH/CGH CDC HHS/United States ;
K08 AI104348/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; U01 GH000737/GH/CGH CDC HHS/United States ; Less -
Place as Subject:
Africa South of the Sahara ;
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:5af3282ace1736536f626d7f81e4e033a9cb722b3fc5419591e4d49438d7ccde
File Type:

Supporting Files

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