Tuberculosis trends in California correctional facilities, 1993–2013

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
• Personal Author:
  McDaniel, C. J. ; Chitnis, A. S. ; Barry, P. M. ; Shah, N.
• Description:
  BACKGROUND
  
  Incarcerated persons are disproportionately diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). California has the second highest inmate population in the United States, but reports the highest number of cases.
  
  OBJECTIVE
  
  To describe the TB epidemiology among incarcerated patients in California.
  
  METHODS
  
  Trends in incidence were assessed using Poisson regression, and trends in percentage were assessed using weighted linear regression. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared using χ2 or Mann-Whitney U tests.
  
  RESULTS
  
  During 1993–2013, of the 64 090 TB cases reported, 2323 (4%) were correctional facility residents. Incidence in correctional facilities decreased until 2006 (annual per cent change [APC] –12.3%, 95%CI –14.4 to –10.1), but has since stabilized (APC 4.4%, 95%CI –2.1 to 11.4). Compared with state prisoners, federal prisoners were more likely to be male (98%, P = 0.03), persons arriving in the United States within 5 years of diagnosis (62%, P < 0.001), and born in Mexico (88%, P=0.02), whereas local jail inmates were more likely to have a history of substance use (75%, P < 0.001) and homelessness (35%, P < 0.001).
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  
  TB incidence in correctional facilities had steadily declined over the last two decades, but has recently leveled out. To promote further reduction in incidence among diverse incarcerated populations, health departments and correctional facilities should strengthen collaboration by conducting TB risk-based assessments.
  
  
• Keywords:
  Adult California Emigrants And Immigrants Epidemiology Female Humans Ill-Housed Persons Incidence Linear Models Male Poisson Distribution Prisoners Prisons Sex Factors Substance-Related Disorders Tuberculosis

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• Source:
  Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 21(8):922-929
• Pubmed ID:
  28786801
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5637373
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U52 PS004656/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  21
• Issue:
  8
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:134d0162b5b451a94917573fe31604af85c8209f29d6f5c3949964176ba4ed89
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/49121/cdc_49121_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 525.67 KB ]