Reduction in Diarrhea- and Rotavirus-related Healthcare Visits among Children <5 Years of Age Following National Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in Zimbabwe

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Pediatr Infect Dis J
• Personal Author:
  Mujuru, Hilda A. ; Yen, Catherine ; Nathoo, Kusum J. ; Gonah, Nhamo A. ; Ticklay, Ismail ; Mukaratirwa, Arnold ; Berejena, Chipo ; Tapfumanei, Ottias ; Chindedza, Kenneth ; Rupfutse, Maxwell ; Weldegebriel, Goitom ; Mwenda, Jason M. ; Burnett, Eleanor ; Tate, Jacqueline E. ; Parashar, Umesh D. ; Manangazira, Portia
• Description:
  In Zimbabwe, rotavirus accounted for 41%-56% of acute diarrhea hospitalizations before rotavirus vaccine introduction in 2014. We evaluated rotavirus vaccination impact on acute diarrhea- and rotavirus-related healthcare visits in children.|We examined monthly and annual acute diarrhea and rotavirus test-positive hospitalizations and Accident and Emergency Department visits among children <60 months of age at 3 active surveillance hospitals during 2012-2016; we compared prevaccine introduction (2012-2013) with postvaccine introduction (2015 and 2016) data for 2 of the hospitals. We examined monthly acute diarrhea hospitalizations by year and age group for 2013-2016 from surveillance hospital registers and monthly acute diarrhea outpatient visits reported to the Ministry of Health and Child Care during 2012-2016.|Active surveillance data showed winter seasonal peaks in diarrhea- and rotavirus-related visits among children <60 months of age during 2012-2014 that were substantially blunted in 2015 and 2016 after vaccine introduction; the percentage of rotavirus test-positive visits followed a similar seasonal pattern and decrease. Hospital register data showed similar pre-introduction seasonal variation and post-introduction declines in diarrhea hospitalizations among children 0-11 and 12-23 months of age. Monthly variation in outpatient diarrhea-related visits mirrored active surveillance data patterns. At 2 surveillance hospitals, the percentage of rotavirus-positive visits declined by 40% and 43% among children 0-11 months of age and by 21% and 33% among children 12-23 months of age in 2015 and 2016, respectively.|Initial reductions in diarrheal illness among children <60 months of age, particularly among those 0-11 months of age, after vaccine introduction are encouraging. These early results provide evidence to support continued rotavirus vaccination and rotavirus surveillance in Zimbabwe.
• Subjects:
  Ambulatory Care Child, Preschool Diarrhea Hospitalization Humans Immunization Programs Infant Infant, Newborn Public Health Surveillance Retrospective Studies Rotavirus Infections Rotavirus Vaccines Zimbabwe

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• Keywords:
  Rotavirus Rotavirus Vaccine Surveillance
• Source:
  Pediatr Infect Dis J. 36(10):995-999
• Pubmed ID:
  28640001
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5600692
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  001/WHO_/World Health OrganizationInternational/ ; CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  36
• Issue:
  10
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:d3e7fb049ef7a28d853c5f745b5229e74539a3ba7ceab5bbed64f3da58ef599b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/48223/cdc_48223_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 211.76 KB ]