The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: a cross-national analysis of 23,998 respondents from 17 countries

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Psychol Med
• Personal Author:
  McGrath, J. J. ; McLaughlin, K. A. ; Saha, S. ; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S. ; Al-Hamzawi, A. ; Alonso, J. ; Bruffaerts, R. ; de Girolamo, G. ; de Jonge, P. ; Esan, O. ; Florescu, S. ; Gureje, O. ; Haro, J. M. ; Hu, C. ; Karam, E. G. ; Kovess-Masfety, V. ; Lee, S. ; Lepine, J. ; Lim, C. C. W. ; Medina-Mora, M. E. ; Mneimneh, Z. ; Pennell, B. ; Piazza, M. ; Posada-Villa, J. ; Sampson, N. ; Viana, M. C. ; Xavier, M. ; Bromet, E. J. ; Kendler, K. S. ; Kessler, R. C.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Although there is robust evidence linking childhood adversities (CAs) and an increased risk for psychotic experiences (PEs), little is known about whether these associations vary across the life-course and whether mental disorders that emerge prior to PEs explain these associations.
  
  Methods
  
  We assessed CAs, PEs and DSM-IV mental disorders in 23,998 adults in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Discrete-time survival analysis was used to investigate the associations between CAs and PEs, and the influence of mental disorders on these associations using multivariate logistic models.
  
  Results
  
  Exposure to CAs was common, and those who experienced any CAs had increased odds of later PEs (OR =2.3, 95%CI=1.9–2.6). CAs reflecting maladaptive family functioning (MFF), including abuse, neglect, and parent maladjustment, exhibited the strongest associations with PE onset in all life-course stages. Sexual abuse exhibited a strong association with PE onset during childhood (OR= 8.5, 95%CI=3.6–20.2), whereas other CA types were associated with PE onset in adolescence. Associations of Other CAs with PEs disappeared in adolescence after adjustment for prior-onset mental disorders. The population attributable risk proportion (PARP) for PEs associated with all CAs was 31% (24% for MFF).
  
  Conclusions
  
  Exposure to CAs is associated with PE onset throughout the life-course, although sexual abuse is most strongly associated with childhood onset PEs. The presence of mental disorders prior to the onset of PEs does not fully explain these associations. The large PARPs suggest that preventing CAs could lead to a meaningful reduction in PEs in the population.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Adult Survivors Of Child Adverse Events Child Child, Preschool Child Abuse Child Of Impaired Parents Female Global Health Health Surveys Humans Male Mental Disorders Prevalence Psychotic Disorders Young Adult

  More +
• Source:
  Psychol Med. 47(7):1230-1245
• Pubmed ID:
  28065209
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5590103
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  R01 DA016558/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 OH010718/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 OH010712/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States/ ; R03 TW006481/TW/FIC NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH069864/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; K05 DA015799/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 MH060220/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AG049953/AG/NIA NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 MH070884/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R13 MH066849/MH/NIMH NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  47
• Issue:
  7
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:4d4c615e16bbbdeb4a680ddf52edb1c283f0629e68950820ed0c30f124cfd220
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/48035/cdc_48035_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 417.75 KB ]