Urinary Bisphenol A (BPA) Concentrations among Workers in Industries that Manufacture and Use BPA in the USA

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Ann Work Expo Health
• Personal Author:
  Hines, Cynthia J. ; Jackson, Matthew V. ; Deddens, James A. ; Clark, John C. ; Ye, Xiaoyun ; Christianson, Annette L. ; Meadows, Juliana W. ; Calafat, Antonia M.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Bisphenol A (BPA) toxicity and exposure risk to humans has been the subject of considerable scientific debate; however, published occupational exposure data for BPA are limited.
  
  Methods
  
  In 2013–2014, 77 workers at six US companies making BPA, BPA-based resins, or BPA-filled wax provided seven urine samples over two consecutive work days (151 worker-days, 525 samples). Participant information included industry, job, tasks, personal protective equipment used, hygiene behaviors, and canned food/beverage consumption. Total (free plus conjugated) BPA, quantified in urine by mass spectrometry, was detected in all samples.
  
  Results
  
  The geometric mean (GM) creatinine-adjusted total BPA (total BPACR) concentration was 88.0 μg g−1 (range 0.78–18 900 μg g−1), ~70 times higher than in US adults in 2013–2014 (1.27 μg g−1). GM total BPACR increased during Day 1 (26.6–127 μg g−1), decreased by pre-shift Day 2 (84.4 μg g−1) then increased during Day 2 to 178 μg g−1. By industry, baseline and post-baseline total BPACR was highest in BPA-filled wax manufacturing/reclaim (GM = 111 μg g−1) and lowest in phenolic resin manufacturing (GM = 6.56 μg g−1). By job, total BPACR was highest at baseline in maintenance workers (GM = 157 μg g−1) and post-baseline in those working with molten BPA-filled wax (GM = 441 μg g−1). Workers in the job of flaking a BPA-based resin had the lowest concentrations at baseline (GM = 4.81 μg g−1) and post-baseline (GM = 23.2 μg g−1). In multiple regression models, at baseline, industry significantly predicted increased total BPACR (P = 0.0248); post-baseline, handling BPA containers (P = 0.0035), taking ≥3 process/bulk samples with BPA (P = 0.0002) and wearing a Tyvek® coverall (P = 0.0042) significantly predicted increased total BPACR (after adjusting for total BPACR at baseline, time point, and body mass index).
  
  Conclusion
  
  Several work-related factors, including industry, job, and certain tasks performed, were associated with increased urinary total BPACR concentrations in this group of manufacturing workers. The potential for BPA-related health effects among these workers is unknown.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Benzhydryl Compounds Female Formaldehyde Humans Male Occupational Exposure Occupations Phenols Polymers United States

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• Keywords:
  Biological Monitoring Bisphenol A Determinants Of Exposure Exposure Assessment Occupational Groups Reproductive Health Urine Analysis
• Source:
  Ann Work Expo Health. 61(2):164-182
• Pubmed ID:
  28395354
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5577557
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  61
• Issue:
  2
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e986f76d15b6c20976ad5b762aba2dacdac6fc00657febd076a3e297d061c915
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/47880/cdc_47880_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 783.06 KB ]