Age at Pubertal Onset in Girls and Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Pre- and Post-natal Susceptibility Windows

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Epidemiology
• Personal Author:
  Windham, Gayle C. ; Lum, Raymond ; Voss, Robert ; Wolff, Mary ; Pinney, Susan M. ; Teteilbaum, Susan L. ; Sosnoff, Connie S. ; Dobraca, Dina ; Biro, Frank ; Hiatt, Robert A. ; Greenspan, Louise C. ; Galvez, Maida ; Kushi, Lawrence H.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Tobacco smoke contains known hormonally active chemicals and reproductive toxicants. Several studies have examined prenatal maternal smoking and offspring age at menarche, but few examined earlier pubertal markers, nor accounted for exposure during childhood. Our objective was to examine pre- and post-natal smoke exposure in relation to timing of early pubertal events.
  
  Methods
  
  An ethnically diverse cohort of 1239 girls was enrolled at age 6–8 years for a longitudinal study of puberty at three U.S. sites. Girls participated in annual or semi-annual exams to measure anthropometry and Tanner breast and pubic hair stages. Prenatal and current tobacco smoke exposures, as well as covariates, were obtained from parent questionnaire. Cotinine was measured in urine collected at enrollment. Using accelerated failure time models, we calculated adjusted time ratios for age at pubertal onset (maturation stages 2 or higher) and smoke exposure.
  
  Results
  
  Girls with higher prenatal (≥5 cigarettes/day) or secondhand smoke exposure had earlier pubic hair development than unexposed (adjusted time ratio = 0.92 (95% CI 0.87–0.97) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.90–0.97), respectively). Including both exposures in the same model yielded similar associations. Higher urinary cotinine quartiles were associated with younger age at breast and pubic hair onset in unadjusted models, but not after adjustment.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Greater prenatal and childhood secondhand smoke exposure were associated with earlier onset of pubic hair, but not breast, development. These exposures represent modifiable risk factors for early pubertal development that should be considered for addition to the extensive list of adverse effects from tobacco smoke.
  
  
• Keywords:
  Age Factors Breast Development Child Cotinine Female Humans Longitudinal Studies Menarche Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Prenatal Smoking Puberty Pubic Hair Development Secondhand Smoke Tanner Stages Tobacco Smoke Pollution

  More +
• Source:
  Epidemiology. 28(5):719-727
• Pubmed ID:
  28661938
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5560866
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  U01 ES012770/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P01 ES009584/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 RR024131/RR/NCRR NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 ES012771/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P30 ES023515/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 ES012801/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 ES019453/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 ES019457/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 ES019454/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 RR029887/RR/NCRR NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 ES019435/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 RR026314/RR/NCRR NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  28
• Issue:
  5
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:7cbb2fbbd7b3fd005ef9671cc9ced20031a842e0652810d9343c51610bc2c614
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/47609/cdc_47609_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 345.97 KB ]