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Childhood Leukemia Incidence in California: High and Rising in the Hispanic Population
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Jun 28 2016
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Source: Cancer. 122(18):2867-2875.
[PDF-112.04 KB]
Details:
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Alternative Title:Cancer
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Personal Author:
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Description:Background
High rates of childhood leukemia incidence have been reported in Latin America and among Hispanic children in the United States. California’s large Hispanic population affords an important opportunity to perform a detailed analysis of the leukemia burden among Hispanic children.
Methods
Leukemias diagnosed among non-Hispanic white (NHW), Hispanic, African American (AA), and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) children, aged 0 to 19 years, between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2012 were obtained from the California Cancer Registry (n=11,084). Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR), standardized rate ratios (SRR), and secular trends in incidence (annual percent change [APC]) were analyzed by subtype, race/ethnicity, sex, and age.
Results
Compared to NHWs, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) incidence was higher among Hispanics (SRR=1.32) and lower among AAs (SRR=0.55) and APIs (SRR=0.91). From 1990 to 2012, ALL incidence increased overall (APC=1.1%), among males (APC=1.0%), females (APC=1.3%), Hispanics (APC=1.1%), AAs (APC=1.9%), AA males (APC=2.8%), API males (APC=1.9%), and Hispanic females (APC=1.5%). ALL increased among Hispanic males aged 15 to 19 years (APC=2.5%) and Hispanic females aged 0 to 4 and 15 to 19 years (APC=2.2% and 1.9%, respectively). Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) incidence did not differ among racial/ethnic groups. From 1990 to 2012, overall AML incidence remained stable but increased among Hispanics (APC=1.2%), females (APC=1.0%), Hispanic females (APC=2.3%), and Hispanic females aged 15 to 19 years (APC=3.4%).
Conclusions
Notable differences in childhood leukemia incidence among four racial/ethnic groups in California were observed. Factors which may contribute to these differences include differential exposure to carcinogens and/or genetic susceptibility.
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Pubmed ID:27351365
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC5542672
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Volume:122
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Issue:18
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