Childhood Leukemia Incidence in California: High and Rising in the Hispanic Population

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Cancer
• Personal Author:
  Giddings, Brenda M. ; Whitehead, Todd P. ; Metayer, Catherine ; Miller, Mark D.
• Description:
  Background ; High rates of childhood leukemia incidence have been reported in Latin America and among Hispanic children in the United States. California’s large Hispanic population affords an important opportunity to perform a detailed analysis of the leukemia burden among Hispanic children. ; Methods ; Leukemias diagnosed among non-Hispanic white (NHW), Hispanic, African American (AA), and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) children, aged 0 to 19 years, between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2012 were obtained from the California Cancer Registry (n=11,084). Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR), standardized rate ratios (SRR), and secular trends in incidence (annual percent change APC) were analyzed by subtype, race/ethnicity, sex, and age. ; Results ; Compared to NHWs, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) incidence was higher among Hispanics (SRR=1.32) and lower among AAs (SRR=0.55) and APIs (SRR=0.91). From 1990 to 2012, ALL incidence increased overall (APC=1.1%), among males (APC=1.0%), females (APC=1.3%), Hispanics (APC=1.1%), AAs (APC=1.9%), AA males (APC=2.8%), API males (APC=1.9%), and Hispanic females (APC=1.5%). ALL increased among Hispanic males aged 15 to 19 years (APC=2.5%) and Hispanic females aged 0 to 4 and 15 to 19 years (APC=2.2% and 1.9%, respectively). Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) incidence did not differ among racial/ethnic groups. From 1990 to 2012, overall AML incidence remained stable but increased among Hispanics (APC=1.2%), females (APC=1.0%), Hispanic females (APC=2.3%), and Hispanic females aged 15 to 19 years (APC=3.4%). ; Conclusions ; Notable differences in childhood leukemia incidence among four racial/ethnic groups in California were observed. Factors which may contribute to these differences include differential exposure to carcinogens and/or genetic susceptibility.
• Subjects:
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hispanic or Latino
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
  More +
• Source:
  Cancer. 122(18):2867-2875.
• Pubmed ID:
  27351365
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5542672
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  P01 ES018172/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; P50 ES018172/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; U61 TS000237/TS/ATSDR CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  California
• Volume:
  122
• Issue:
  18
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/47332/cdc_47332_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 112.04 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:ff0d00837263fa3f28d1616656c2edc43824f2779c614109351d4dff2e643019