28476056

PMC5421391

Objective

To describe the rates and causes for rehospitalization over 10 years following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to characterize longitudinal trajectories of the probability of rehospitalization using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) and Individual Growth Curve (IGC) models conditioned on factors that help explain individual variability in rehospitalization risk over time.

Design

Secondary analysis of data from a multicenter longitudinal cohort study.

Setting

Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities and community follow-up.

Participants

Individuals aged 16 years and older with a primary diagnosis of TBI.

Main Outcome Measures

Rehospitalization (and reason for rehospitalization) as reported by participants or proxy during follow-up telephone interviews at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years post-injury.

Results

The greatest number of rehospitalizations occurred in the first year post-injury (27.8% of the sample), and the rates of rehospitalization remained largely stable (22.1–23.4%) at 2, 5 and 10 years. Reasons for rehospitalization varied over time: Orthopedic and reconstructive surgery rehospitalizations were most common in Year 1, while General Health Maintenance was most common by Year 2 with rates increasing at each follow-up. Longitudinal models indicate multiple demographic and injury-related factors are associated with the probability of rehospitalization over time.

Conclusion

These findings can inform the content and timing of interventions to improve health and longevity after TBI.

CDC Public Access

K01 HD074651/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
R43 DP000010/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States
U48 DP000031/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States
U48 DP000036/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States