NIOSH Skin Notation (SK) Profile: Dichlorvos [CAS No. 62-73-7]

Details

• Journal Article:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Personal Author:
  Hudson, Naomi L. ; Dotson, G. Scott
• Description:
  Taken together, the toxicokinetic data [Tos-Luty et al. 1994] and findings from in vitro studies by Moore et al. [2014a, 2014b], the predictive mathematical algorithm, acute toxicity studies in animals [Gaines 1969; Durham et al. 1957], and dermal toxicity and subchronic toxicity studies in animals [Ali and Abdalla 1992; Durham et al. 1957; Dikshith et al. 1976; Luty et al. 1998; Moriearty et al. 1993] are sufficient to demonstrate the potential of dichlorvos to be absorbed through the skin and be systemically toxic, causing diverse effects such as inhibition of ChE activity, neurotoxicity, histopathological changes in lungs, and potential fatality following dermal exposure. Although cases of skin corrosivity were not identified, case reports of irritant contact dermatitis in humans [Bisby and Simpson 1975; Cronce and Alden 1968; Mathias 1983] and animals [Breen and Conroy 1971; Fox et al. 1969a, 1969b], as well as evidence of skin irritation in animals [Fujita 1985; Matsushai et al. 1985; Ueda et al. 1994], provide sufficient evidence that dilute solutions of dichlorvos are irritating to the skin. Human diagnostic patch tests conducted on agricultural workers presenting with contact dermatitis show that dichlorvos has the potential to be a skin sensitizer [Fujita 1985; Matsushita et al. 1985; Ueda et al. 1994] and a photosensitizer [Horiuchi and Ando 1978]. Predictive tests in animals (for example, guinea pig maximization tests) [Fujita 1985; Ueda et al. 1994] demonstrate that dichlorvos causes skin sensitization. Therefore, on the basis of these assessments, dichlorvos is assigned a composite skin notation of SK: SYSDIR (IRR)-SEN. Table 3 summarizes the skin hazard designations for dichlorvos previously issued by NIOSH and other organizations. The equivalent dermal designations for dichlorvos, according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, are Acute Toxicity Category 3 (Hazard statement: Toxic in contact with the skin) and Skin Sensitization Category 1 (Hazard statement: May cause an allergic skin reaction) [European Parliament 2008]. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Dermatitis Dermatitis, Occupational Dichlorvos Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Hazardous Substances Laboratories Lung Nervous System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Respiratory System Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Skin Skin Absorption Skin Diseases Toxicology

  More +
• Keywords:
  Skin-exposure; Skin; Exposure-levels; Risk-factors; Epidemiology; Toxicology; Acute-toxicity; Laboratory-animals; Animal-studies; Animals; Kinetics; Chemical-kinetics; Biological-systems; Dose-response; Lethal-dose; Dermal-exposure; Dichlorvos; In vitro studies; Skin absorption; Cholinesterase inhibitors; Neurotoxicity; Histopathology; Lung function; Skin irritants; Dermatitis; Sensitizers; Photosensitivity; Exposure assessment
• Source:
  Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-134, 2017 Apr; :1-11
• Series:
  NIOSH Numbered Publications
• Subseries:
  Skin Notation Profile
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Periodical
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  24 pdf pages
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049604
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB2017-102215
• CAS Registry Number:
  Dichlorvos (CAS RN 62-73-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1052f40dd69b43301391a3be510b3af516c6c21379c368fb81a29851f5d2e20b7b02d50e2400e6603ecb3bf85632be1a8baa8a083c45ac2c30dff6798e6882fb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/45057/cdc_45057_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 275.81 KB ]