Details:

Alternative Title:
BMC Public Health
Personal Author:
Lucchini, Roberto G. ; Hashim, Dana ; Acquilla, Sushma ; Basanets, Angela ; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto ; ... More +
Lucchini, Roberto G. ; Hashim, Dana ; Acquilla, Sushma ; Basanets, Angela ; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto ; Bushmanov, Andrey ; Crane, Michael ; Harrison, Denise J. ; Holden, William ; Landrigan, Philip J. ; Luft, Benjamin J. ; Mocarelli, Paolo ; Mazitova, Nailya ; Melius, James ; Moline, Jacqueline M. ; Mori, Koji ; Prezant, David ; Reibman, Joan ; Reissman, Dori B. ; Stazharau, Alexander ; Takahashi, Ken ; Udasin, Iris G. ; Todd, Andrew C. Less -
Description:
Background

The disasters at Seveso, Three Mile Island, Bhopal, Chernobyl, the World Trade Center (WTC) and Fukushima had historic health and economic sequelae for large populations of workers, responders and community members.

Methods

Comparative data from these events were collected to derive indications for future preparedness. Information from the primary sources and a literature review addressed: i) exposure assessment; ii) exposed populations; iii) health surveillance; iv) follow-up and research outputs; v) observed physical and mental health effects; vi) treatment and benefits; and vii) outreach activities.

Results

Exposure assessment was conducted in Seveso, Chernobyl and Fukushima, although none benefited from a timely or systematic strategy, yielding immediate and sequential measurements after the disaster. Identification of exposed subjects was overall underestimated. Health surveillance, treatment and follow-up research were implemented in Seveso, Chernobyl, Fukushima, and at the WTC, mostly focusing on the workers and responders, and to a lesser extent on residents. Exposure-related physical and mental health consequences were identified, indicating the need for a long-term health care of the affected populations. Fukushima has generated the largest scientific output so far, followed by the WTCHP and Chernobyl. Benefits programs and active outreach figured prominently in only the WTC Health Program. The analysis of these programs yielded the following lessons: 1) Know who was there; 2) Have public health input to the disaster response; 3) Collect health and needs data rapidly; 4) Take care of the affected; 5) Emergency preparedness; 6) Data driven, needs assessment, advocacy.

Conclusions

Given the long-lasting health consequences of natural and man-made disasters, health surveillance and treatment programs are critical for management of health conditions, and emergency preparedness plans are needed to prevent or minimize the impact of future threats.


Subjects:
[+]
Bhopal Accidental Release Civil Defense/history Civil Defense/methods Disaster Planning/history Disaster Planning/methods Disasters/history Environmental Exposure History, 20th Century History, 21st Century Humans Population Surveillance Radioactive Hazard Release/history Risk Assessment September 11 Terrorist Attacks Seveso Accidental Release
Source:
BMC Public Health. 17.
Pubmed ID:
28061835
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC5219808
Document Type:
Journal Article
Genre:
Historical Article
Place as Subject:
Pennsylvania
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:f15286d8369d59b9df98df36207b49f0c7c558ada6afbe42af7c54007f85b8d5
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/43751/cdc_43751_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

• 12889_2016_Article_3939.nxml

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