Antibiotic Use in Thailand: Quantifying Impact on Blood Culture Yield and Estimates of Pneumococcal Bacteremia Incidence

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Am J Trop Med Hyg
• Personal Author:
  Rhodes, Julia ; Hyder, Joseph A. ; Peruski, Leonard F. ; Fisher, Cindy ; Jorakate, Possawat ; Kaewpan, Anek ; Dejsirilert, Surang ; Thamthitiwat, Somsak ; Olsen, Sonja J. ; Dowell, Scott F. ; Chantra, Somrak ; Tanwisaid, Kittisak ; Maloney, Susan A. ; Baggett, Henry C. ; Rhodes, Julia ; Hyder, Joseph A. ; Peruski, Leonard F. ; Fisher, Cindy ; Jorakate, Possawat ; Kaewpan, Anek ; Dejsirilert, Surang ; Thamthitiwat, Somsak ; Olsen, Sonja J. ; Dowell, Scott F. ; Chantra, Somrak ; Tanwisaid, Kittisak ; Maloney, Susan A. ; Baggett, Henry C.
• Description:
  No studies have quantified the impact of pre-culture antibiotic use on the recovery of individual blood-borne pathogens or on population-level incidence estimates for Streptococcus pneumoniae. We conducted bloodstream infection surveillance in Thailand during November 2005-June 2008. Pre-culture antibiotic use was assessed by reported use and by serum antimicrobial activity. Of 35,639 patient blood cultures, 27% had reported pre-culture antibiotic use and 24% (of 24,538 tested) had serum antimicrobial activity. Pathogen isolation was half as common in patients with versus without antibiotic use; S. pneumoniae isolation was 4- to 9-fold less common (0.09% versus 0.37% by reported antibiotic use; 0.05% versus 0.45% by serum antimicrobial activity, P < 0.01). Pre-culture antibiotic use by serum antimicrobial activity reduced pneumococcal bacteremia incidence by 32% overall and 39% in children < 5 years of age. Our findings highlight the limitations of culture-based detection methods to estimate invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in settings where pre-culture antibiotic use is common.
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Anti-Bacterial Agents Bacteremia Child Child, Preschool Drug Utilization Humans Incidence Infant Middle Aged Pneumococcal Infections Population Surveillance Streptococcus Pneumoniae Young Adult

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• Source:
  Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010; 83(2):301-306. ; Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010; 83(2):301-306.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Thailand
• Volume:
  83
• Issue:
  2
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:a8a1d9d3aaf823432a69ecc65549f85b40760ab1ba045e392af040cd9b50e41f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/4375/cdc_4375_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 499.67 KB ]