Nested Case-Control Study: Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk After Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Aliment Pharmacol Ther
• Personal Author:
  Gounder, Prabhu P. ; Bulkow, Lisa R. ; Snowball, Mary ; Negus, Susan ; Spradling, Philip R. ; Simons, Brenna C. ; McMahon, Brian J.
• Description:
  Background
  
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk after resolving chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is unclear.
  
  Aim
  
  To compare HCC risk between Alaska Native (AN) patients with and without hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance.
  
  Methods
  
  We selected persons with (case-patients) and without (control-patients) HBsAg seroclearance from a cohort of 1,346 chronically HBV-infected AN patients followed during 1982–2013. We attempted to match 2 control-patients/case-patient on sex, HBV genotype, and age. Person-years of follow-up for case-patients began on the date of HBsAg resolution and for control-patients began on the date equivalent to the cohort entry date plus the years of HBsAg duration for their corresponding case-patient. We compared HCC risk using a Cox proportional hazards model.
  
  Results
  
  The 238 case-patients (4 with HCC) and 435 control-patients (9 with HCC) were similar in age (p-value [p]: 0.30), sex (p: 0.53) and HBV genotype (p: 0.99). Case-patients had longer person-years of follow-up than control patients (11.7 versus 10.1 years; p: 0.04). The HCC rate/100,000 persons was similar between case- (132) and control-patients (178; p: 0.65). The adjusted hazard ratio comparing case- and control-patients was similar for HCC (0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2–2.4), increased for each 1-year increment for age (1.1; CI: 1.0–1.1; p <0.01), and was greater if the initial HBeAg was positive (3.5; CI: 1.1–11.0; p: 0.03).
  
  Conclusions
  
  HBsAg seroclearance was not associated with reduced HCC risk; the HCC risk estimates are limited by wide CIs. Persons meeting HCC surveillance indications prior to HBsAg seroclearance could benefit from continued surveillance after seroclearance.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 And Over Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Female Hepatitis B, Chronic Hepatitis B E Antigens Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis B Virus Humans Infant Liver Neoplasms Male Middle Aged Proportional Hazards Models Risk Young Adult

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• Source:
  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 43(11):1197-1207.
• Pubmed ID:
  27061300
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5053330
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States ; U01 PS004113/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  43
• Issue:
  11
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:f9277ba53e6c3add268082ae7e97927beb2e3746cc6d743276f819578e1c5d3a
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/42180/cdc_42180_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 374.54 KB ]