Details:

Journal Article:
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Personal Author:
Bingham, Andrea M. ; Cone, Marshall ; Mock, Valerie ; Heberlein-Larson, Lea ; Stanek, Danielle ; ... More +
Bingham, Andrea M. ; Cone, Marshall ; Mock, Valerie ; Heberlein-Larson, Lea ; Stanek, Danielle ; Blackmore, Carina ; Likos, Anna Less -
Corporate Authors:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
Description:
On May 10, 2016, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release.

In May 2015, Zika Virus was reported to be circulating in Brazil. This was the first identified introduction of the Virus in the Region of the Americas. Since that time, Zika Virus has rapidly spread throughout the region. As of April 20, 2016, the Florida Department of Health Bureau of Public Health Laboratories (BPHL) has tested specimens from 913 persons who met state criteria for Zika Virus tTesting. Among these 913 persons, 91 met confirmed or probable Zika Virus disease case criteria and all cases were travel-associated (1). On the basis of previous small case studies reporting real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of Zika Virus RNA in urine, saliva, and semen (2–6), the Florida Department of Health collected multiple specimen types from persons with suspected Zika Virus disease. Test results were evaluated by specimen type and number of days after symptom onset to determine the most sensitive and efficient tTesting algorithm for acute Zika Virus disease. Urine specimens were collected from 70 patients with suspected Zika Virus disease from zero to 20 days after symptom onset. Of these, 65 (93%) tested positive for Zika Virus RNA by RT-PCR. Results for 95% (52/55) of urine specimens collected from persons within 5 days of symptom onset tested positive by RT-PCR; only 56% (31/55) of serum specimens collected on the same date tested positive by RT-PCR. Results for 82% (9/11) of urine specimens collected >5 days after symptom onset tested positive by RT-PCR; none of the RT-PCR tests for serum specimens were positive. No cases had results that were exclusively positive by RT-PCR tTesting of saliva. BPHL tTesting results suggest urine might be the preferred specimen type to identify acute Zika Virus disease.

Criteria for Zika Virus tTesting included persons who experienced two or more of the following symptoms: rash, fever, arthralgia or conjunctivitis during or within 2 weeks of return from an area with Zika Virus activity, or who had an epidemiologic link to a Zika Virus–infected traveler (sexual partner, household member, etc.). RT-PCR was routinely performed on urine, serum, or saliva specimens collected within 21 days of symptom onset. Clinicians were informed that only the serum RT-PCR and antibody tests were to be used for diagnostic purposes. Urine and saliva RT-PCR tests were only used for Surveillance purposes. Serologic tTesting was performed on all serum specimens included in this Analysis. The probable case definition criteria for Zika Virus disease, based on serology, required Zika Virus–specific IgM antibodies and no dengue Virus–specific IgM antibodies detected in serum or cerebrospinal fluid.

What is already known about this topic? Limited data suggest Zika Virus is excreted in multiple body fluids, including urine and saliva. Urine and saliva might be appropriate specimens for evaluating Zika Virus disease.

What is added by this report? A comparison of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results for urine and serum specimens from 66 persons with Zika Virus disease with both specimens collected on the same date indicated that approximately twice as many urine specimens (61) than serum specimens (31) tested positive. No results from RT-PCR tTesting of serum specimens were positive >5 days after symptom onset; results from tTesting nine of 11 urine specimens were positive. A further comparison of 53 persons with Zika Virus disease with urine, saliva, and serum specimens collected on the same date found positive results from tTesting in 49 (92%) urine specimens, 43 (81%) saliva specimens, and 27 (51%) serum specimens.

What are the implications for public health practice? These results suggest urine might be a useful specimen for identifying acute Zika Virus disease.

Suggested citation for this article: Bingham AM, Cone M, Mock V, et al. Comparison of Test Results for Zika Virus RNA in Urine, Serum, and Saliva Specimens from Persons with Travel-Associated Zika Virus Disease — Florida, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6518e2.

mm6518e2.pdf

PMID: 27171533


Subjects:
[+]
Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Saliva Urinalysis Zika Virus Infection/Diagnosis
Series:
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report ; v. 65, no. 18, p. 475-8
Pubmed ID:
27171533
Document Type:
Journal Article
Place as Subject:
Florida
Collection(s):
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:213b35d05ad883fb9d981e4be706e89c751c0c167d422373ba1dd5f97fcc4b64
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/39408/cdc_39408_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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