Differences in Current Cigarette Smoking Between Non-Hispanic Whites and Non-Hispanic Blacks by Gender and Age Group, United States, 2001 – 2013

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Nicotine Tob Res
• Personal Author:
  Caraballo, Ralph S. ; Sharapova, Saida ; Asman, Katherine J.
• Description:
  Introduction
  
  For years, national U.S. surveys have consistently found a lower cigarette smoking prevalence among non-Hispanic (NH) black adolescents and young adults than their NH white counterpart while finding either similar or higher smoking prevalence in NH blacks among older adults. Because these surveys do not collect biomarker information to validate smoking self-reports, we also present results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which collects cotinine (a nicotine biomarker) to determine if U.S. surveys consistently show racial differences in smoking prevalence.
  
  Methods
  
  We present NH black and NH white current smoking estimates in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2001–2013), National Youth Tobacco Survey (2004–2012), National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002–2012), National Health Interview Survey (2001–2013), and NHANES (2001–2012).
  
  Results
  
  Using cotinine by itself or with self-reports to compare smoking prevalence between NH black and NH white males aged 12 – 25 years, no difference in current smoking was found. For male adult ≥26 years, all surveys consistently found a higher smoking prevalence among NH blacks. For females aged 12 – 25 years, all surveys found a higher smoking prevalence among NH whites. While inconsistent results across surveys were found for those aged ≥26 years, cotinine results showed a higher smoking prevalence among NH black females.
  
  Conclusion
  
  Some racial differences in self-reported smoking are not confirmed when supplemented with serum cotinine to detect current cigarette smokers. Improving the measurement of current smoking is important to accurately evaluate racial smoking differences.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Age Factors Black Or African American Child Female Health Surveys Humans Male Prevalence Sex Distribution Sex Factors Smoking White People Young Adult

  More +
• Source:
  Nicotine Tob Res. 18(Suppl 1):S41-S48.
• Pubmed ID:
  26980863
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4809370
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Volume:
  18
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e540b291957d9d6c8df10a53acf7fc4b445ed9e7eea0129b093c350ace169f9b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/38654/cdc_38654_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.55 MB ]