Details:

Alternative Title:
Ann Occup Hyg
Personal Author:
Birch, M. Eileen ; Ku, Bon-Ki ; Evans, Douglas E. ; Ruda-Eberenz, Toni A.
Birch, M. Eileen ; Ku, Bon-Ki ; Evans, Douglas E. ; Ruda-Eberenz, Toni A. Less -
Description:
Production of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes (CNFs/CNTs) and their composite products is increasing globally. High volume production may increase the exposure risks for workers who handle these materials. Though health effects data for CNFs/CNTs are limited, some studies raise serious health concerns. Given the uncertainty about their potential hazards, there is an immediate need for toxicity data and field studies to assess exposure to CNFs/CNTs. An extensive study was conducted at a facility that manufactures and processes CNFs. Filter, sorbent, cascade impactor, bulk, and microscopy samples, combined with direct-reading instruments, provided complementary information on air contaminants. Samples were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with EC as a measure of CNFs. Transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy also was applied. Fine/ultrafine iron-rich soot, PAHs, and carbon monoxide were production byproducts. Direct-reading instrument results were reported previously [Evans DE et al. (Aerosol monitoring during carbon nanofiber production: mobile direct-reading sampling. Ann Occup Hyg 2010;54:514-31.)] Results for time-integrated samples are reported as companion papers in this Issue. OC and EC, metals, and microscopy results are reported here, in Part I, while results for PAHs are reported in Part II [Birch ME. (Exposure and Emissions Monitoring during Carbon Nanofiber Production-Part II: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Ann. Occup. Hyg 2011; 55: 1037-47.)]. Respirable EC area concentrations inside the facility were about 6-68 times higher than outdoors, while personal breathing zone samples were up to 170 times higher.
Subject:
[+]
Aerosols
Air Pollutants, Occupational
Article
Carbon
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Nanofiber
Elemental Carbon
Environmental Monitoring
Humans
Industry
Inhalation Exposure
Nanofibers
Nanomaterial
Nanotechnology
Nanotube
Occupational Exposure
Particle Size
Particulate Matter
Time Factors
Ultrafine
Workplace

Source:
Ann Occup Hyg. 55(9):1016-1036.
Pubmed ID:
21965464
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC4689224
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:fcd03d1ad2d61ecd1a4c82fbd5bfa33c1dc135e45e4c90ef4b97d3062adf3b6a
File Type:

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