Details:

Alternative Title:
NIOSH skin notation profile
Journal Article:
DHHS publication ; no. (NIOSH)
Personal Author:
Hudson, Naomi ; Dotson, G. Scott
Hudson, Naomi ; Dotson, G. Scott Less -
Corporate Authors:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Description:
As the largest organ of the body, the skin performs multiple critical functions, such as serving as the primary barrier to the external environment. For this reason, the skin is often exposed to potentially hazardous agents, including chemicals, which may contribute to the onset of a spectrum of adverse health effects ranging from localized damage (e.g., irritant contact dermatitis and corrosion) to induction of immune-mediated responses (e.g., allergic contact dermatitis and pulmonary responses), or systemic toxicity (e.g., neurotoxicity and hepatoxicity). Understanding the hazards related to skin contact with chemicals is a critical component of modern occupational safety and health programs.

Toxicokinetic data available on rabbits [Schellenberger et al. 1965] and results of a mathematical model indicate that phosdrin has the potential to be absorbed through the skin and become systemically available. Acute toxicity data on rats and mice [Kodama et al. 1954; Edson 1960; Gaines 1960; Skinner and Kilgore 1982a] and several occupational exposure datasets [California DPH 1958; NIOSH 1984; Midtling et al. 1985; Coye et al. 1986, 1987; Jauhialnen et al. 1992] provide sufficient evidence that phosdrin has the potential to be acutely toxic; may cause systemic toxicity, including ChE inhibition; and is potentially fatal following dermal exposure. No studies were identified that investigated the potential of the substance to cause skin irritation under occupational exposure or in standard skin irritation tests in animals. There were no diagnostic (human patch) tests or predictive tests in animals that evaluated the skin sensitization potential of phosdrin. Therefore, on the basis of these assessments, phosdrin is assigned a composite skin notation of SK: SYS (FATAL). Table 3 summarizes the skin hazard designations for phosdrin previously issued by NIOSH and other organizations. The equivalent dermal designation for phosdrin, according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, is Acute Toxicity Category 1 (Hazard statement: Fatal in contact with the skin) [European Parliament 2008].

Suggested citation: NIOSH [2015]. NIOSH skin notation profile: Phosdrin. By Hudson NL, Dotson GS. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2015-226.

NIOSHTIC No 20046817

f15_snp_2015-226.pdf


Subjects:
[+]
Dermatitis, Occupational Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances/adverse Effects Mevinphos Occupational Exposure Skin Absorption Skin Diseases/chemically Induced
Series:
DHHS publication ; no. (NIOSH) 2015-226
Document Type:
Report
Collection(s):
Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library collection
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:9f64e385adc9e8740030e523ff51e69e8e583a2bc175968afa9cbc4aa2596f8e
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/36084/cdc_36084_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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