NIOSH Skin Notation (SK) Profile: Nicotine [CAS No. 54-11-5]

Details

• Alternative Title:
  NIOSH skin notation profile
• Personal Author:
  Dotson, G. Scott ; Hudson, Naomi L.
• Corporate Authors:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Description:
  Sufficient toxicokinetic data on humans in vivo [Benowitz et al. 1991
  
  Gorsline et al. 1992
  
  D'Alesandro et al. 2001
  
  Onuki et al. 2003] and in vitro [Zorin et al. 1999
  
  Pongjanyajul et al. 2000] and data on animals [Shah et al. 1981
  
  Matsushima et al. 1995] demonstrate that nicotine is readily absorbed through the skin and is systemically available. Acute dermal toxicity studies [Gaines 1969], epidemiological studies [Ghosh et al. 1986
  
  Ballard et al. 1995
  
  Arcury et al. 2003
  
  Trape-Cardoso et al 2003
  
  Ang et al. 2005], and developmental toxicity studies in rats [Witschi et al. 1994] indicate that nicotine is systemically available and toxic, with the potential to cause a variety of diverse symptoms secondary to effects on the nervous system, cerebrovascular disease with prolonged exposure, and developmental effects such as pregnancy loss. Dermatitis and irritation observed in humans [Berner et al. 1990
  
  Bircher et al. 1991
  
  Greenland et al. 1998
  
  Gourlay et al. 1999
  
  Berlin et al. 2014] provide sufficient evidence that nicotine has the potential to be a skin irritant. Several studies using transdermal nicotine therapy [Eichelberg et al. 1989
  
  Transdermal Nicotine Study Group 1991
  
  Vincenzi et al. 1993
  
  Dwyer and Forsyth 1994] also provide sufficient evidence that nicotine can cause skin sensitization in humans. Therefore, on the basis of these assessments, nicotine is assigned a composite skin notation of SK: SYSDIR (IRR)-SEN. Table 3 summarizes the skin hazard designations for nicotine previously issued by NIOSH and other organizations. The equivalent dermal designation for nicotine, according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, is Acute Toxicity Category 1 (Hazard statement: Fatal in contact with the skin) [European Parliament 2008].
  
  Suggested citation: NIOSH [2015]. NIOSH skin notation profile: Nicotine. By Hudson NL, Dotson GS. Cincin- nati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2015-234.
  
  NIOSHTIC No 20046850
  
  f15_snp_2015-234.pdf
  
  
• Subjects:
  Nicotine Occupational Health Safety
• Series:
  NIOSH Numbered Publications
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHPUB2015234
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Report
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  12 numbered pages
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046850
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:52360c663ba9711e4c60daee2deeebe1c26dc0632257fd68a3a1a0acf52bbcaf071dd5a05461eaa34195270db80813872114bf84d7606a9cec4b417bac52e22c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/36076/cdc_36076_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 423.16 KB ]