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Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. Chapter 6: Influenza
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Aug 2011
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[PDF-278.93 KB]
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Alternative Title:Influenza
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Journal Article:Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases
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Description:Chapter 6 of: Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. 5th Edition, 2011.
Influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by infection with influenza viruses. The incubation period ranges from 1 to 4 days. Peak virus shedding usually occurs from 1 day before onset of symptoms to 3 days after. Typical features of influenza include abrupt onset of fever and respiratory symptoms such as cough (usually nonproductive), sore throat, and coryza, as well as systemic symptoms such as headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. The clinical severity of infection can range from asymptomatic illness to primary viral pneumonia and death. Acute symptoms generally last 2–7 days, although malaise and cough may continue for 2 weeks
or longer. Complications of influenza infection include secondary bacterial pneumonia and exacerbation of underlying chronic health conditions. Complications occurring in children can include otitis media, febrile seizures, encephalopathy, transverse myelitis, myositis, myocarditis, pericarditis, and Reye syndrome. Aspirin and other salicylate-containing medications are contraindicated for children and adolescents with influenza like illness, as their use during influenza infection has been associated with the development of Reye syndrome.
chpt06-influenza.pdf
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