Details:

Alternative Title:
Clin Infect Dis
Personal Author:
Payne, Daniel C. ; Boom, Julie A. ; Staat, Mary Allen ; Edwards, Kathryn M. ; Szilagyi, Peter G. ; ... More +
Payne, Daniel C. ; Boom, Julie A. ; Staat, Mary Allen ; Edwards, Kathryn M. ; Szilagyi, Peter G. ; Klein, Eileen J. ; Selvarangan, Rangaraj ; Azimi, Parvin H. ; Harrison, Christopher ; Moffatt, Mary ; Johnston, Samantha H. ; Sahni, Leila C. ; Baker, Carol J. ; Rench, Marcia A. ; Donauer, Stephanie ; McNeal, Monica ; Chappell, James ; Weinberg, Geoffrey A. ; Tasslimi, Azadeh ; Tate, Jacqueline E. ; Wikswo, Mary ; Curns, Aaron T. ; Sulemana, Iddrisu ; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica ; Esona, Mathew D. ; Bowen, Michael D. ; Gentsch, Jon R. ; Parashar, Umesh D. Less -
Description:
Background

We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) for RotaTeq (RV5; 3 doses) and Rotarix (RV1; 2 doses) at reducing rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) inpatient and emergency department (ED) visits in US children.

Methods

We enrolled children <5 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE symptoms from November 2009–June 2010 and from November 2010–June 2011 at 7 medical institutions. Fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed rotavirus cases was compared with rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Regression models calculated VE estimates for each vaccine, age, ethnicity, genotype, and clinical setting.

Results

RV5-specific analyses included 359 rotavirus cases and 1811 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV1-specific analyses included 60 rotavirus cases and 155 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV5 and RV1 were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78%–88%) and 70% (95% CI, 39%–86%) effective, respectively, against rotavirus-associated ED visits and hospitalizations combined. By clinical setting, RV5 VE against ED and inpatient rotavirus-associated visits was 81% (95% CI, 70%–84%) and 86% (95% CI, 74%–91%), respectively. RV1 was 78% (95% CI, 46%–91%) effective against ED rotavirus disease; study power was insufficient to evaluate inpatient RV1 VE. No waning of immunity was evident during the first 4 years of life for RV5, nor during the first 2 years of life for RV1. RV5 provided genotype-specific protection against each of the predominant strains (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G12P[8]), while RV1 VE was statistically significant for the most common genotype, G3P[8].

Conclusions

Both RV5 and RV1 significantly protected against medically attended rotavirus gastroenteritis in this real-world assessment.


Subjects:
[+]
Ambulatory Care Article Child, Preschool Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Feces Female Gastroenteritis Genotype Hospitalization Humans Infant Male Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections Rotavirus Vaccines Vaccines, Attenuated
Source:
Clin Infect Dis. 57(1):13-20.
Pubmed ID:
23487388
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC4618548
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
Place as Subject:
United States
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:f6b2e2d85f94b100c22663556f95037196e7a574da48a599cc2902c1473b0b4d
Download URL:
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/35325/cdc_35325_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

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