Impact of depression on quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) directly as well as indirectly through suicide

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol
• Personal Author:
  Jia, Haomiao ; Zack, Matthew M. ; Thompson, William W. ; Crosby, Alex E. ; Gottesman, Irving I.
• Description:
  Purpose
  
  To estimate quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) loss among US adults due to depression and QALE losses associated with the increased risk of suicide attributable to depression.
  
  Method
  
  We ascertained depressive symptoms using the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) on the 2006, 2008, and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys. We estimated health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores from BRFSS data (n = 276,442) and constructed life tables from US Compressed Mortality Files to calculate QALE by depression status. QALE loss due to depression is the difference in QALE between depressed and non-depressed adults. QALE loss associated with suicide deaths is the difference between QALE from only those deaths that did not have suicide recorded on the death certificate and QALE from all deaths including those with a suicide recorded on the death certificate.
  
  Results
  
  At age 18, QALE was 28.0 more years for depressed adults and 56.8 more years for non-depressed adults, a 28.9-year QALE loss due to depression. For depressed adults, only 0.41 years of QALE loss resulted from deaths by suicide, and only 0.26 years of this loss could be attributed to depression.
  
  Conclusion
  
  Depression symptoms lead to a significant burden of disease from both mortality and morbidity as assessed by QALE loss. The 28.9-year QALE loss at age 18 associated with depression markedly exceeds estimates reported elsewhere for stroke (12.4-year loss), heart disease (10.3-year loss), diabetes mellitus (11.1-year loss), hypertension (6.3-year loss), asthma (7.0-year loss), smoking (11.0-year loss), and physical inactivity (8.0-year loss).
  
  
• Keywords:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Depression Female Health-related Quality Of Life (HRQOL) Humans Life Expectancy Male Middle Aged Quality-adjusted Life Expectancy (QALE) Quality-Adjusted Life Years Quality Of Life Risk Factors Suicide Young Adult

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• Source:
  Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 50(6):939-949
• Pubmed ID:
  25660550
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4590980
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  50
• Issue:
  6
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:dfb8a5f7e2db5874d372a899edfe7b2c23d49e74f1339f6fb4adb06f4b70c187
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34645/cdc_34645_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 463.67 KB ]