Clostridium botulinum strain Af84 produces three enzymatically active neurotoxins: BoNT/A2, BoNT/F4, and BoNT/F5
Advanced Search
Select up to three search categories and corresponding keywords using the fields to the right. Refer to the Help section for more detailed instructions.
 
 
i

Superseded

This Document Has Been Replaced By:

i

Retired

This Document Has Been Retired

i

Up-to-date Information

This is the latest update:

Clostridium botulinum strain Af84 produces three enzymatically active neurotoxins: BoNT/A2, BoNT/F4, and BoNT/F5
Filetype[PDF-418.82 KB]


Details:
  • Alternative Title:
    Anal Chem
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are produced by various species of clostridia and are potent neurotoxins which cause the disease botulism, by cleaving proteins needed for successful nerve transmission. There are currently seven confirmed serotypes of BoNTs, labeled A-G, and toxin-producing clostridia typically only produce one serotype of BoNT. There are a few strains (bivalent strains) which are known to produce more than one serotype of BoNT, producing either both BoNT/A and /B, BoNT/A and /F, or BoNT/B and /F, designated as Ab, Ba, Af, or Bf. Recently, it was reported that Clostridium botulinum strain Af84 has three neurotoxin gene clusters: bont/A2, bont/F4, and bont/F5. This was the first report of a clostridial organism containing more than two neurotoxin gene clusters. Using a mass spectrometry based proteomics approach, we report here that all three neurotoxins, BoNT/A2, /F4, and /F5, are produced by C. botulinum Af84. Label free MS(E) quantification of the three toxins indicated that toxin composition is 88% BoNT/A2, 1% BoNT/F4, and 11% BoNT/F5. The enzymatic activity of all three neurotoxins was assessed by examining the enzymatic activity of the neurotoxins upon peptide substrates, which mimic the toxins' natural targets, and monitoring cleavage of the substrates by mass spectrometry. We determined that all three neurotoxins are enzymatically active. This is the first report of three enzymatically active neurotoxins produced in a single strain of Clostridium botulinum.
  • Subject:
  • Pubmed ID:
    24605815
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMC4522913
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Funding:
    SSK7/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
  • Collection(s):
    CDC Public Access
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • File Type:
No Related Documents.

You May Also Like:

  1. Filetype[PDF - 736.81 KB]
    Personal Author:
    Terilli, Rebecca R; Moura, Hercules; Woolfitt, Adrian R; Rees, Jon; Schieltz, David M; Barr, John R;
    Published Date:
    Oct 18 2011
    Source:
    BMC Microbiol. 2011; 11:232.
    Description:
    BackgroundClostridium botulinum is the taxonomic designation for at least six diverse species that produce botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). There are seven known serotypes of BoNTs (/A through/G), all of which are potent toxins classified as category A...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 736.81 KB]
  2. Filetype[PDF - 372.02 KB]
    Personal Author:
    Kalb, Suzanne R.; Baudys, Jakub; Rees, Jon C.; Smith, Theresa J.; Smith, Leonard A.; Helma, Charles H.; Hill, Karen; Kull, Skadi; Kirchner, Sebastian; Dorner, Martin B.; Dorner, Brigitte G.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.;
    Published Date:
    Mar 07 2012
    Source:
    Anal Bioanal Chem. 403(1):215-226.
    Description:
    Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cause the disease botulism, which can be lethal if untreated. There are seven known serotypes of BoNT, A-G, defined by their response to antisera. Many serotypes are distinguished into differing subtypes based on amino a...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 372.02 KB]
  3. Filetype[PDF - 1.01 MB]
    Personal Author:
    Wang, Dongxia; Baudys, Jakub; Rees, Jon; Marshall, Kristin M.; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Parks, Bryan A.; Nowaczyk, Louis; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.;
    Published Date:
    May 21 2012
    Source:
    Anal Chem. 84(11):4652-4658
    Description:
    Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is one of the most toxic substances known. BoNT is classified into seven distinct serotypes labeled A-G. Among individual serotypes, researchers have identified subtypes based on amino acid variability within a serotype an...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 1.01 MB]
  4. Filetype[PDF - 1.59 MB]
    Personal Author:
    Boyer, Anne E.; Gallegos-Candela, Maribel; Lins, Renato C.; Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna; Woolfitt, Adrian; Moura, Hercules; Kalb, Suzanne; Quinn, Conrad P.; Barr, John R.;
    Published Date:
    Mar 14 2011
    Source:
    Molecules. 2011; 16(3):2391-2413
    Description:
    Matrix-assisted laser-desorption time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) is a valuable high-throughput tool for peptide analysis. Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization (LC-ESI) tandem-MS provides sensitive and specific quantificatio...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 1.59 MB]
  5. Filetype[PDF - 82.24 KB]
    Personal Author:
    Ansaruzzaman, M.; Bhuiyan, N.A.; Nair, G. Balakrish; Sack, David A.; Lucas, Marcelino; Deen, Jacqueline L.; Ampuero, Julia; Chaignat, Claire-Lise;
    Corporate Authors:
    The Mozambique Cholera Vaccine Demonstration Project Coordination Group
    Published Date:
    Nov 2004
    Source:
    Emerg Infect Dis. 10(11):2057-2059.
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 82.24 KB]