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High attrition before and after ART initiation among youth (15–24 years of age) enrolled in HIV care
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Feb 20 2014
Source: AIDS. 2014; 28(4):559-568. -
Alternative Title:AIDS
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Description:Objectives
To compare pre and post-ART attrition between youth (15–24 years) and other patients in HIV care, and to investigate factors associated with attrition among youth.
Design
Cohort study utilizing routinely collected patient-level data from 160 HIV clinics in Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Rwanda.
Methods
Patients at least 10 years of age enrolling in HIV care between 01/05 and 09/10 were included. Attrition (loss to follow-up or death 1 year after enrollment or ART initiation) was compared between youth and other patients using multivariate competing risk (pre-ART) and traditional (post-ART) Cox proportional hazards methods accounting for within-clinic correlation. Among youth, patient-level and clinic-level factors associated with attrition were similarly assessed.
Results
A total of 312 335 patients at least 10 years of age enrolled in HIV care; 147 936(47%) initiated ART, 17% enrolling in care and 10% initiating ART were youth. Attrition before and after ART initiation was substantially higher among youth compared with other age groups. Among youth, nonpregnant women experienced lower pre-ART attrition than men [sub-division hazard ratio=0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–0.94], while both pregnant [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.97] and nonpregnant (AHR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.73–0.86) female youth experienced lower post-ART attrition than men. Youth attending clinics providing sexual and reproductive health services including condoms (AHR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.32–0.70) and clinics offering adolescent support groups (AHR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.52–1.0) experienced significantly lower attrition after ART initiation.
Conclusion
Youth experienced substantially higher attrition before and after ART initiation compared with younger adolescents and older adults. Adolescent-friendly services were associated with reduced attrition among youth, particularly after ART initiation.
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Pubmed ID:24076661
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC4517438
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