Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Neurodevelopment in Young Mexican-American Children

Details

• Journal Article:
  Environ Health Perspect
• Personal Author:
  Eskenazi, Brenda ; Marks, Amy R. ; Bradman, Asa ; Harley, Kim ; Barr, Dana B. ; Johnson, Caroline ; Morga, Norma ; Jewell, Nicholas P.
• Description:
  BACKGROUND: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used in agriculture and homes. Animal studies suggest that even moderate doses are neurodevelopmental toxicants, but there are few studies in humans. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship of prenatal and child OP urinary metabolite levels with children's neurodevelopment. METHODS: Participating children were from a longitudinal birth cohort of primarily Latino farm-worker families in California. We measured six nonspecific dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites in maternal and child urine as well as metabolites specific to malathion (MDA) and chlorpyrifos (TCPy) in maternal urine. We examined their association with children's performance at 6 (n = 396), 12 (n = 395), and 24 (n = 372) months of age on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development [Mental Development (MDI) and Psychomotor Development (PDI) Indices] and mother's report on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (n = 356). RESULTS: Generally, pregnancy DAP levels were negatively associated with MDI, but child measures were positively associated. At 24 months of age, these associations reached statistical significance [per 10-fold increase in prenatal DAPs: beta = -3.5 points; 95% confidence interval (CI), -6.6 to -0.5; child DAPs: beta = 2.4 points; 95% CI, 0.5 to 4.2]. Neither prenatal nor child DAPs were associated with PDI or CBCL attention problems, but both prenatal and postnatal DAPs were associated with risk of pervasive developmental disorder [per 10-fold increase in prenatal DAPs: odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, p = 0.05; child DAPs OR = 1.7, p = 0.04]. MDA and TCPy were not associated with any outcome. CONCLUSIONS: We report adverse associations of prenatal DAPs with mental development and pervasive developmental problems at 24 months of age. Results should be interpreted with caution given the observed positive relationship with postnatal DAPs. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Adult Age Factors Agriculture Attention Bayley Scales Of Infant Development Child Behavior Checklist Child Development Cognition Cohort Studies DAPs Environmental Monitoring Female Hazardous Substances Hematologic Tests Humans Infant Interviews As Topic Male Mexican Americans Nervous System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Organophosphates Pesticides Pregnancy Psychomotor Disorders Research Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Surveys And Questionnaires

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Biological-monitoring Blood-analysis Blood-sampling Children Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Health-hazards Health-surveys Neurotoxic-effects Neurotoxins Prenatal-exposure Risk-analysis Risk-factors Sampling-methods Statistical-analysis

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• Source:
  Environ Health Perspect. 2007; 115(5):792-798.
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9828
• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  115
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20033055
• Citation:
  Environ Health Perspect 2007 May; 115(5):792-798
• Email:
  eskenazi@berkeley.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Berkeley
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20010930
• End Date:
  20060929
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:44445c0d67e98a0d78381e6e852998ebf99fa5e1da9ae8796cb07c4003629cb0a6c03b67389969673f7ecd8ce9d2fbdf18bb0bf89838a65a530425971ea1b2b1
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/31266/cdc_31266_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 512.85 KB ]