Emergency Department Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Reduction for Trauma-Exposed Individuals With and Without an Early Intervention

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Consult Clin Psychol
• Personal Author:
  Price, Matthew ; Kearns, Megan ; Houry, Debra ; Rothbaum, Barbara O.
• Description:
  Objective
  
  Recent data have supported the use of an early exposure intervention to promote a reduction in acute stress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after trauma exposure. The present study explored a comprehensive predictive model that included history of trauma exposure, dissociation at the time of the trauma and early intervention, and physiological responses (cortisol and heart rate) to determine which variables were most indicative of reduced PTSD symptoms for an early intervention or treatment as usual.
  
  Method
  
  Participants (n = 137) were randomly assigned to the early intervention condition (n = 68) or assessment-only condition (n = 69) while receiving care at the emergency department of a Level 1 trauma center. Follow-up assessments occurred at 4 and 12 weeks posttrauma.
  
  Results
  
  Findings suggested that dissociation at the time of the 1st treatment session was associated with reduced response to the early intervention. No other predictors were associated with treatment response. For treatment as usual, cortisol levels at the time of acute care and dissociation at the time of the traumatic event were positively associated with PTSD symptoms.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Dissociation at the time at which treatment starts may indicate poorer response to early intervention for PTSD. Similarly, dissociation at the time of the event was positively related to PTSD symptoms in those who received treatment as usual.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Arousal Article Emergency Service, Hospital Female Heart Rate Humans Implosive Therapy Life Change Events Male Risk Factors Severity Of Illness Index Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Symptom Assessment Time Factors Treatment Outcome Young Adult

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• Source:
  J Consult Clin Psychol. 2014; 82(2):336-341.
• Pubmed ID:
  24491070
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4161951
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  5R49CE001494/CE/NCIPC CDC HHS/United States ; R34 MH083078/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States ; R34MH083078/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
• Volume:
  82
• Issue:
  2
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:576e35bd8231878bd0efabf8df1da62d65a2ffd6e8b1a2cf7c91ca77712906f7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/30115/cdc_30115_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 247.21 KB ]