Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans

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• Alternative Title:
  Nature
• Personal Author:
  Lazaridis, Iosif ; Patterson, Nick ; Mittnik, Alissa ; Renaud, Gabriel ; Mallick, Swapan ; Kirsanow, Karola ; Sudmant, Peter H. ; Schraiber, Joshua G. ; Castellano, Sergi ; Lipson, Mark ; Berger, Bonnie ; Economou, Christos ; Bollongino, Ruth ; Fu, Qiaomei ; Bos, Kirsten I. ; Nordenfelt, Susanne ; Li, Heng ; de Filippo, Cesare ; Prüfer, Kay ; Sawyer, Susanna ; Posth, Cosimo ; Haak, Wolfgang ; Hallgren, Fredrik ; Fornander, Elin ; Rohland, Nadin ; Delsate, Dominique ; Francken, Michael ; Guinet, Jean-Michel ; Wahl, Joachim ; Ayodo, George ; Babiker, Hamza A. ; Bailliet, Graciela ; Balanovska, Elena ; Balanovsky, Oleg ; Barrantes, Ramiro ; Bedoya, Gabriel ; Ben-Ami, Haim ; Bene, Judit ; Berrada, Fouad ; Bravi, Claudio M. ; Brisighelli, Francesca ; Busby, George B. J. ; Cali, Francesco ; Churnosov, Mikhail ; Cole, David E. C. ; Corach, Daniel ; Damba, Larissa ; van Driem, George ; Dryomov, Stanislav ; Dugoujon, Jean-Michel ; Fedorova, Sardana A. ; Romero, Irene Gallego ; Gubina, Marina ; Hammer, Michael ; Henn, Brenna M. ; Hervig, Tor ; Hodoglugil, Ugur ; Jha, Aashish R. ; Karachanak-Yankova, Sena ; Khusainova, Rita ; Khusnutdinova, Elza ; Kittles, Rick ; Kivisild, Toomas ; Klitz, William ; Kučinskas, Vaidutis ; Kushniarevich, Alena ; Laredj, Leila ; Litvinov, Sergey ; Loukidis, Theologos ; Mahley, Robert W. ; Melegh, Béla ; Metspalu, Ene ; Molina, Julio ; Mountain, Joanna ; Näkkäläjärvi, Klemetti ; Nesheva, Desislava ; Nyambo, Thomas ; Osipova, Ludmila ; Parik, Jüri ; Platonov, Fedor ; Posukh, Olga ; Romano, Valentino ; Rothhammer, Francisco ; Rudan, Igor ; Ruizbakiev, Ruslan ; Sahakyan, Hovhannes ; Sajantila, Antti ; Salas, Antonio ; Starikovskaya, Elena B. ; Tarekegn, Ayele ; Toncheva, Draga ; Turdikulova, Shahlo ; Uktveryte, Ingrida ; Utevska, Olga ; Vasquez, René ; Villena, Mercedes ; Voevoda, Mikhail ; Winkler, Cheryl ; Yepiskoposyan, Levon ; Zalloua, Pierre ; Zemunik, Tatijana ; Cooper, Alan ; Capelli, Cristian ; Thomas, Mark G. ; Ruiz-Linares, Andres ; Tishkoff, Sarah A. ; Singh, Lalji ; Thangaraj, Kumarasamy ; Villems, Richard ; Comas, David ; Sukernik, Rem ; Metspalu, Mait ; Meyer, Matthias ; Eichler, Evan E. ; Burger, Joachim ; Slatkin, Montgomery ; Pääbo, Svante ; Kelso, Janet ; Reich, David ; Krause, Johannes
• Description:
  We sequenced the genomes of a ∼7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight ∼8,000-year-old hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other ancient genomes with 2,345 contemporary humans to show that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, who contributed ancestry to all Europeans but not to Near Easterners; ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians, who contributed to both Europeans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west European hunter-gatherer related ancestry. We model these populations' deep relationships and show that early European farmers had ∼44% ancestry from a 'basal Eurasian' population that split before the diversification of other non-African lineages.
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Article Asia Europe Genome, Human History, Ancient Humans Population Dynamics Principal Component Analysis White People Workforce

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• Source:
  Nature. 513(7518):409-413
• Pubmed ID:
  25230663
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4170574
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  HHSN26120080001E/PHS HHSUnited States/ ; 8DP1ES022577-04/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHSUnited States/ ; R01 GM100233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 GM040282/GM/NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; HG002385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; HG004120/HG/NHGRI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; GM100233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 HG002385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; GM40282/GM/NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P01 HG004120/HG/NHGRI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; DP1 ES022577/ES/NIEHS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical InstituteUnited States/ ; R01 HG006399/HG/NHGRI NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  513
• Issue:
  7518
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e93c4a74bfd8d93606bbca15112c00e7bc5f033f836cdfa06359ac1c7b20d861
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/29449/cdc_29449_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 3.74 MB ]