Longitudinal analysis of antibody responses to trachoma antigens before and after mass drug administration

Details

• Alternative Title:
  BMC Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Goodhew, Erica Brook ; Morgan, Sheri Maria G ; Switzer, Andrew J ; Munoz, Beatriz ; Dize, Laura ; Gaydos, Charlotte ; Mkocha, Harran ; West, Sheila K ; Wiegand, Ryan E ; Lammie, Patrick J ; Martin, Diana L
• Description:
  Background
  
  Blinding trachoma, caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis, is a neglected tropical disease targeted for elimination by 2020. A major component of the elimination strategy is mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin. Currently, program decisions are made based on clinical signs of ocular infection, but we have been investigating the use of antibody responses for post-MDA surveillance. In a previous study, IgG responses were detected in children lacking clinical evidence of trachoma, suggesting that IgG responses represented historical infection. To explore the utility of serology for program evaluation, we compared IgG and IgA responses to trachoma antigens and examined changes in IgG and IgA post-drug treatment.
  
  Methods
  
  Dried blood spots and ocular swabs were collected with parental consent from 264 1–6 year olds in a single village of Kongwa District, central Tanzania. Each child also received an ocular exam for detection of clinical signs of trachoma. MDA was given, and six months later an additional blood spot was taken from these same children. Ocular swabs were analyzed for C. trachomatis DNA and antibody responses for IgA and total IgG were measured in dried bloods spots.
  
  Results
  
  Baseline antibody responses showed an increase in antibody levels with age. By age 6, the percentage positive for IgG (96.0%) was much higher than for IgA (74.2%). Antibody responses to trachoma antigens declined significantly six months after drug treatment for most age groups. The percentage decrease in IgA response was much greater than for IgG. However, no instances of seroreversion were observed.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Data presented here suggest that focusing on concordant antibody responses in children will provide the best serological surveillance strategy for evaluation of trachoma control programs.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Anti-Bacterial Agents Antibody Formation Azithromycin Child Child, Preschool Chlamydia Trachomatis DNA, Bacterial Eye Female Humans Immunoglobulin A Immunoglobulin G Infant Longitudinal Studies Male Trachoma

  More +
• Source:
  BMC Infect Dis. 2014; 14:216.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Tanzania
• Volume:
  14
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:36c88cdc6677f72c81e35e73ea9474c168a1c7f8263e2b1f70a936e3e6863dfa
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/27509/cdc_27509_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 562.06 KB ]