Non-fatal Opioid Overdose and Unmet Need For Medications For Opioid Use Disorder Among Recently Incarcerated People Who Inject Drugs.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2025, v. 270: Non-fatal Opioid Overdose and Unmet Need For Medications For Opioid Use Disorder Among Recently Incarcerated People Who Inject Drugs.
• Journal Article:
  Drug and Alcohol Dependence
• Personal Author:
  Madera-Garcia, Valerie ; Broz, Dita ; Baugher, Amy R. ; Hershow, Rebecca B. ; Dasgupta, Sharoda ; Asher, Alice ; Hefferon, Rose ; Worthington, Nancy ; Cha, Susan
• Description:
  Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are key to preventing opioid overdose. Despite the high risk of opioid overdose among recently incarcerated people who use drugs, missed opportunities for engagement in MOUD treatment persist in this population. We examined the association between unmet need for MOUD and non-fatal opioid overdose among recently incarcerated people who inject drugs (PWID) and assessed prevalence of non-fatal opioid overdose by selected characteristics.
  
  We analyzed 2022 data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) system among PWID from 20 large U.S. cities. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were calculated to examine the association between unmet need for MOUD and non-fatal opioid overdose.
  
  Among 1648 recently incarcerated PWID, 28 % reported an unmet need for MOUD and 39 % reported a non-fatal opioid-involved overdose in the past 12 months. Experiencing homelessness in the last 12 months (aPR=1.43, 95 % CI=1.27-1.61) and living in the Midwest region of the U.S. (aPR=1.18, 95 % CI=1.01-1.38) were significantly associated with reporting a non-fatal opioid overdose. Recently incarcerated PWID with an unmet need for MOUD were 1.4 times as likely to report a non-fatal opioid overdose in the past 12 months (50 %; aPR=1.42, 95 % CI=1.29-1.56) compared with recently incarcerated PWID without an unmet need for MOUD (35 %).
  
  Unmet need for MOUD was significantly associated with non-fatal opioid overdose among PWID who were incarcerated in the past 12 months, suggesting the need to investigate specific strategies to improve to MOUD treatment among recently incarcerated PWID.
• Content Notes:
  Author manuscript
• Subjects:
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Adult
  • Female
  • Opioid-Related Disorders
  • Opiate Overdose
  • Prisoners
  • Substance Abuse, Intravenous
  • Middle Aged
  • Young Adult
  More +
• Keywords:
  • medications for opioid use disorder
  • non-fatal opioid-related overdose
  • National HIV Behavioral Surveillance
  • drug injection
  • overdose prevention
• Source:
  Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2025, v. 270
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112634
• ISSN:
  0376-8716 ; 1879-0046
• Pubmed ID:
  40043351
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC12403188
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• Pages in Document:
  112634 (11 pdf pages)
• Volume:
  270
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/261625/cdc_261625_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 86.41 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6cf64c8b85afee5fbd2305fbda642a1d1650a0706c43976cb6d21132a15c535b013d6b0cd96f56adf50c3dbe752f7ff62304b55621ea8de04454b8612c8a1347