Intrinsic Immunogenicity is a Major Determinant of Type-specific Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Infections.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Nature Immunology, 2025, v. 26, no. 6: Intrinsic Immunogenicity is a Major Determinant of Type-specific Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Infections.
• Journal Article:
  Nature Immunology
• Personal Author:
  Quirk, Grace E. ; Schoenle, Marta V. ; Peyton, Kameron L. ; Uhrlaub, Jennifer L. ; Lau, Branden ; Liang, Chieh-Yu ; Burgess, Jefferey L. ; Ellingson, Katherine ; Beitel, Shawn ; Romine, James ; Lutrick, Karen ; Fowlkes, Ashley ; Britton, Amadea ; Tyner, Harmony L. ; Caban-Martinez, Alberto J. ; Naleway, Allison ; Gaglani, Manjusha ; Yoon, Sarang ; Edwards, Laura J. ; Olsho, Lauren ; Dake, Michael ; Valdez, Riccardo ; Gordon, Aubree ; Diamond, Michael S. ; LaFleur, Bonnie J. ; Nikolich, Janko Ž. ; Sprissler, Ryan ; Worobey, Michael ; Bhattacharya, Deepta
• Description:
  Few type-specific antibodies that recognize drifted epitopes are made during post-vaccination exposures to SARS-CoV-2 variants
  
  , perhaps due to suppression by previous immunity. We compared type-specific B cell responses in unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals with Delta and Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 variant infections. For both Delta, which is antigenically similar to the vaccine strain, and the more distant BA.1 variant, neutralizing antibodies were greater in post-vaccination variant infections than in primary variant infections. Delta type-specific memory B cells were reduced in post-vaccination Delta infections relative to primary variant infections. Yet some drifted epitopes in the Delta variant elicited minimal responses even in primary infections. For BA.1 infections, type-specific antibodies and memory B cells were mostly undetectable, irrespective of previous immunity. Thus, poor intrinsic antigenicity of drifted epitopes in Delta and BA.1 infections superseded the impact of previous immunity. Enhancing the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens may promote type-specific responses.
• Content Notes:
  Author manuscript
• Subjects:
  • Humans
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • COVID-19
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Memory B Cells
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Female
  • Middle Aged
  More +
• Source:
  Nature Immunology, 2025, v. 26, no. 6
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-025-02162-2
• ISSN:
  1529-2908 ; 1529-2916
• Pubmed ID:
  40425779
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC12198969
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  R01AI129945/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services ; National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01 AI157155/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01AI099108/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services ; National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01AI157155/U.S. Department of Health & Human Services ; National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01 AI099108/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 75N93021C00015/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 75N93019C00051/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UM1 TR004409/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 75D30120C08379/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/ ; R01 AI129945/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 75D30120C08150/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Pages in Document:
  829-836 (26 pdf pages)
• Volume:
  26
• Issue:
  6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/261381/cdc_261381_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 3.08 MB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:19c12ffeca1a94d857b878481e3a943ebda944880a63a3e2e887f05cbac4ca5ede0bbcf022d8ad33b858b7cc3f1a6f749a8a55b0f351c1223db121be6696b680