Kinematics and Kinetics of the Shoe During Unexpected Ladder Slip Events.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Journal of Biomechanics, 2025, v. 189: Kinematics and Kinetics of the Shoe During Unexpected Ladder Slip Events.
• Journal Article:
  Journal of Biomechanics
• Personal Author:
  Williams, Violet M. ; Griffin, Sarah C. ; Redfern, Mark S. ; Beschorner, Kurt E.
• Description:
  Foot slipping is a common initiating event in ladder falls, often leading to severe injuries. Methods for measuring the slipperiness of rungs are impeded by a lack of data on slip events during climbing. This study investigated the kinematics and kinetics of ladder slip events to guide coefficient of friction test methods for ladder rungs. Eighty-eight participants (45F, 43 M; 43.4 ± 12.3 yrs; 80.1 ± 16.9 kg; 170.9 ± 91.6 cm) climbed a series of ladder configurations with differing rung designs and ladder angles in a randomized order. A liquid contaminant (90 % glycerol +10 % water by volume) was applied during each participant's final trial and the responses were categorized into slip and non-slip events with a cluster analysis and reviewer classification. A total of 11 slipping events (9 forward and 2 backward slips) were identified from 102 ladder climbs based upon their peak slipping speeds and slip distances. Slipping speed, shoe-rung angle, transverse foot angle, normal force, shear force, anterior-posterior (AP) foot position, and medio-lateral (ML) foot position were quantified at the start of slip and at the peak slipping speed for forward slips with mean values and 95 % confidence intervals reported. Slips had speeds of 0.34 m/s at their peak, with normal forces around 460 N. We argue the need for testing conditions informed by the under-shoe conditions observed in this study: forward slipping (8° dorsiflexion, 0.34 m/s, 400 N).
• Content Notes:
  Author manuscript
• Subjects:
  • Humans
  • Shoes
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Accidental Falls
  • Male
  • Female
  • Adult
  • Kinetics
  • Friction
  • Middle Aged
  More +
• Keywords:
  • Shoe dynamics
  • Ladder climbing
  • Slips, trips, and falls
  • Ground reaction forces
• Source:
  Journal of Biomechanics, 2025, v. 189
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112798
• ISSN:
  0021-9290 ; 1873-2380
• Pubmed ID:
  40483786
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC13199988
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  R01 OH011799/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States/ ; S10 RR027102/RR/NCRR NIH HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Pages in Document:
  112798 (17 pdf pages)
• Volume:
  189
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/261346/cdc_261346_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.35 MB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8e449075219951832a6d8e24adf674b82771d3a5949efe5aa5798bc4ba5cec2dd2c16b367fdaa692970b2f9a93e1dc76e6697e8bccad538bf1effefb24388c07