In Vitro Toxicity Assessment of Pre- and Post-Incinerated Organomodified Nanoclays on Airway Epithelial and Lung Fibroblast Cells [dataset]

Details

• Corporate Authors:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Description:
  Use of two-dimensional organomodified nanoclays (ONCs) in nanocomposites continues to grow, however, may pose an inhalation hazard and risk for fixed airway disease which partially relies on epithelial and fibroblast cell responses. We hypothesized that physicochemical property differences associated with coating presence/absence and incineration status of nanoclays will elicit changes in key events in exposed human small airway epithelial (SAECs) and normal lung fibroblast (NHLF) cells that contribute to pulmonary lung fibrosis. Using multiplex high-throughput screening strategies, SAEC and NHLF cells were acutely exposed (0-20 µg/cm2) to pristine nanoclay (CloisNa), an ONC (Clois30B), their incinerated byproducts (I-CloisNa and I-Clois30B), and crystalline silica (CS), to evaluate how ONC characteristics influence several key events in the pulmonary fibrosis adverse outcome pathway. In vitro exposure to pre-incinerated nanoclay induced organic coating-dependent cytotoxicity in SAECs. CloisNa caused disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential which coincided with loss in viability in both cell types. Clois30B exposure caused dose-dependent SAEC cytotoxicity, micronuclei formation, and mitochondrial hyperpolarization in SAECs and NHLFs. Incinerated nanoclays were non-cytotoxic but elicited a SAEC mitochondrial radical and pro-inflammatory response. Direct in vitro exposure to NHLFs exhibited particle-dependent increased live cell count, reactive oxygen species production, and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression. Nanoclay-exposed NHLFs possessed elevated collagen I levels while the same mass dose in vivo favored elevated fibronectin and collagen III deposition for CloisNa and CS. In conclusion, organic coating presence and incineration status influenced nanoclays' effects on cellular interaction, membrane integrity, inflammation, fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation in exposed cell models. Although pre-incinerated nanoclay exposure promoted collagen accumulation in vitro, it was a poor predictor of in vivo model reticular fiber deposition.
• Subjects:
  Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Nanoclays; Airborne particulates; Immune reaction; Macrophages; Cytotoxic effects; Coatings; In vitro study; Toxicology; Lung fibrosis; Nanocomposites; Cellular effects
• Source:
  Morgantown, WV: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Research Dataset RD-1118-2026-0, 2026 Apr; :dataset
• DOI:
  10.26616/NIOSHRD-1118-2026-0
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Dataset
• Place as Subject:
  West Virginia ; Pennsylvania ; Philadelphia Region [OSHA]
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  7 pdf pages
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20071513
• Contact Point Address:
  Allergy and Clinical Immunology Brach (ACIB), Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown WV. Tel: 304 285-6098
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon nanotubes (CAS RN 308068-56-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2026
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Resource Number:
  5939051L; 5927043S
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1704af227e2194390ea4d6baa41be2966bb5d50c0a2ebaeeeb97416ef1fe82467cc627f8282ecd7b65064a1b40cd7ee25bcc5d3b90fcc827fad3fea365abe8fe
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/259110/cdc_259110_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 158.29 KB ]