Back injuries: mechanical stresses in the human spine.

Details

• Corporate Authors:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Description:
  Several methods were used to analyze the mechanics of the human spine during various manual materials handling tasks, resulting in the formation of several biomechanical models. The data gathered to construct these models concerned mainly the response of the cadaver lumbar motion segments in compression, sagittal plane shear and bending, frontal plane shear and bending, and torsion. Measurements were taken of force displacement, moment rotation and disc bulge responses along with intradiscal pressure increases. Exploratory studies of trunk biomechanics were made during materials handling tasks. The finite element models of lumbar motion segments were useful in analyzing internal stresses, given segment geometry, material properties and applied loads. Whole trunk deformable element models developed during the initial years of this study were extended to examine the roles of the trunk muscles in imposing loads on the motion segments during handling activities. While the human body is not rigid, much progress was made in understanding body movements by using rigid body equilibrium considerations. These models enabled the loads imposed by a physical activity on the lumbar spine and the corresponding trunk muscle contraction forces to be calculated. Initial studies on the importance of body dynamics in task performance have been initiated. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Content Notes:
  in NTRL, no pdf
• Subjects:
  Biomechanical Phenomena Ergonomics Maintenance Manufacturing And Industrial Facilities Musculoskeletal Diseases Musculoskeletal System Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Grant; Musculoskeletal-system; Skeletal-system; Back-injuries; Maintenance-workers; Materials-handling; Biomechanics; Ergonomics; Muscle-function
• Series:
  Grant Final Reports
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Final Grant Report
• Place as Subject:
  Illinois ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00181265
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB88247721
• Citation:
  Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1988 Jan; :1-5
• Contact Point Address:
  Materials Engineering University of Illinois Dept of Materials Engr, Bx4348 Chicago, Ill 60680
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1988
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Upper Extremities
• Performing Organization:
  University of Illinois Chicago Circle, Chicago, Illinois
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19740401
• Source Full Name:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• End Date:
  19860831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/246126/cdc_246126_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]