Chemicals affecting behavior.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Anger WK ; Johnson BL
• Description:
  The literature on neurotoxic chemicals which cause behavioral changes was reviewed. Substances identified as neurotoxic, industrial processes or products in which they occurred, and reported behavioral effects were listed. Data from neurobehavioral studies of workers exposed at existing industrial concentrations were critically evaluated. Carbon-disulfide (75150) toxicity, commonly observed in rayon workers prior to improved industrial hygiene practices, was characterized by memory loss, and impairments in psychomotor performance, vigilance, dexterity, and intelligence, as well as peripheral polyneuropathy. The estimated population at risk for exposure to carbon-monoxide (630080) exceeded that of any other occupational chemical hazard. In one study, exposure to carbon-monoxide was associated with impaired performance on dual task and eye hand coordination tests. Occupational exposure to lead (7439921) resulted in significant impairments in performance on tests of visual perception, spatial relations, visuospatial abstraction, psychomotor speed, and long term memory. Occupational exposure to mercury (7439976) was associated with memory and concentration deficits, impaired cognitive abilities, and personality changes. Workers exposed to methyl-chloride (74873), during the manufacture of foam products, scored significantly lower on tests of reaction time, vigilance, dual task performance, and eye hand coordination than unexposed comparison workers. Plastics workers chronically exposed to styrene (100425) exhibited impaired performance on tests of perceptual speed and accuracy, coordination, and cognition. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Behavior Chlorine Ethylenes Lead Mental Disorders Mercury Nervous System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Workplace

  More +
• Keywords:
  Neurotoxic-effects; Behavioral-disorders; Neurotoxins; Ethylenes; Chlorides; Lead-compounds; Mercury-compounds; Halogenated-compounds; Behavioral-tests; Occupational-exposure; Workplace-studies; Humans
• Publisher:
  CRC Press, Inc.
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DBBS - Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  51-148
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00171412
• Citation:
  Neurotoxicity of industrial and commercial chemicals. O'Donoghue JL, ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc., 1985 Jan; 1:51-148
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon disulfide (CAS RN 75-15-0) ; Carbon monoxide (CAS RN 630-08-0) ; Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1) ; Mercury (CAS RN 7439-97-6) ; Methyl chloride (CAS RN 74-87-3) ; Styrene (CAS RN 100-42-5)
• Editor(s):
  O'Donoghue JL
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1985
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicity of Industrial and Commercial Chemicals, Vol. I
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/242282/cdc_242282_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]