Effects of coal dust on the development of acute and chronic infections in the respiratory tract.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Hahon N
• Description:
  An adverse effect of mineral particles on the viral induction of interferon, an important nonimmunological defense entity capable of mediating cell resistance against respiratory infections, was observed. Assays of virus infectivity and interferon potency were developed. Cell monolayers were treated with coal dust (of different ranks and different sources), or asbestos fibers of serpentine (Rhodesian and Canadian chrysotiles) (12001295) and amphibole (1318098) (amosite (12172735), anthophyllite (17068789), crocidolite (12001284)) varieties, and the effect was partial or complete interferon synthesis depression. The decrease in interferon production was related to a decrease in mineral particle size. The adverse effect of these particles on interferon production resulted in higher levels of influenza virus multiplication. Pretreating cell monolayers, coal dust, or asbestos fibers with a nonionic polymer, poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide) (PVPNO) (NOCAS), produced marked reductions in the depressive activity of dust or fiber on interferon induction. Maximal adverse activity of the polymer was time and concentration dependent. The pretreatment of asbestos fibers with polymer was more rapid and effective than the pretreatment of cell monolayers. The enzyme neuraminidase is thought to cause the antagonistic activity of asbestos fibers or cell monolayers on interferon production to be partially negated. It is suggested that sialic acid, which is cleaved by the enzyme from mucroproteins, may be the principal anionic material with which magnesium containing forms of asbestos react with cells to depress interferon production. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Dust Enzymes Lung Diseases Minerals Occupational Health Particulate Matter Polymers Pyridines Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Air-contamination; Aerosols; Dusts; Pulmonary-system-disorders; Polymers; Minerals; Lung-disorders; Particulates; Enzymes; Pyridines
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Report
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Virginia ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  ALOSH - Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  69-74
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00085139
• Citation:
  NIOSH; :69-74
• CAS Registry Number:
  Amosite asbestos (CAS RN 12172-73-5) ; Amphibole-group minerals (CAS RN 1318-09-8) ; Anthophyllite (CAS RN 17068-78-9) ; Chrysotile (CAS RN 12001-29-5) ; Crocidolite asbestos (CAS RN 12001-28-4)
• NORA Priority Area:
  Pulmonary System Disorders
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/240845/cdc_240845_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]