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National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System : Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) : human isolates final report, 2003
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7/1/09
[PDF-737.25 KB]
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Alternative Title:NARMS
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Description:The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Sys- tem (NARMS) for Enteric Bacteria is a collaboration among the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). CDC monitors antimicrobial resistance among foodborne enteric bacteria isolated from humans. Other components of the interagency NARMS program include surveillance for resistance in foodborne bacterial pathogens isolated from foods, which is conducted by the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine (http://www.fda.gov/cvm/narms_pg.html), and pathogens isolated from animals, conducted by the USDA Agricultural Research Services (http://www.ars- grin.gov/ars/SoAtlantic/Athens/arru/narms.html).
Many NARMS activities are conducted within the framework of CDC’s Emerging Infections Program (EIP), Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity (ELC) Program, and the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveil- lance Network (FoodNet). The primary purpose of NARMS is to monitor antimicrobial resistance among foodborne enteric bacteria isolated from humans.
Before NARMS was established, CDC monitored antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter using periodic surveys of isolates from a panel of sentinel counties. NARMS at CDC began in 1996 with prospective monitoring of antimicrobial resistance among human non-Typhi Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157 isolates in 14 sites. In 1997, testing of human Campylobacter isolates was initiated in five sites that were participating in FoodNet. Testing of human Salmonella Typhi and Shigella isolates was added in 1999. Since 2003, 50 states have been forwarding a representative sample of non-Typhi Salmo- nella, Salmonella Typhi, Shigella, and E. coli O157 isolates to NARMS for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, while 10 FoodNet states have been participating in Campylobacter surveillance.
In addition to surveillance of resistance in enteric pathogens, the NARMS program at CDC also includes public health research into the mechanisms of resis- tance, education efforts to promote prudent use of antimicrobial agents, and studies of resistance in commensal organisms.
This annual report includes CDC’s human surveillance data for 2003. Resistance trends and comparisons to previous years are included when appropriate. Unlike previous annual reports, antimicrobial subclasses defined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) are used in data presentation and analysis. CLSI subclasses constitute major classifications of antimicrobial agents, e.g., aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. Appendix A includes 2001-2003 data from the Enterococci Resistance Study, which is now part of NARMS surveillance on commensal bacteria. Additional NARMS data and more information about NARMS activities can be found at http://www.cdc.gov/narms.
Suggested citation: CDC. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria (NARMS): 2003 Human Isolates Final Report. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 2006.
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