Mine Fire Detection by Ultrasonic Ranging Systems

Details

• Personal Author:
  Edwards, John C. ; Friel, Gene F.
• Description:
  In 18 underground mine fire experiments, it was demonstrated that two ultrasonic ranging systems indicated the occurrence of a fire in an entry through changes in measurements of distance transverse to the direction of entry airflow. The ranging systems were also shown to respond to dense smoke in the absence of significant generated heat. In the first system, the primary mode of fire detection was the generation of an erratic signal, caused mainly by thermal or concentration eddies in gas that refracted the ultrasonic waves and resulted in variations in the distance indicated. This system detected fires when positioned with acoustic paths that propagated either vertically or horizontally. In the second system, the primary mode consisted of erratic excursions to an indicated distance of zero rather than erratic variations about an initial indicated distance. In both systems, the secondary mode of detection was the absorption of acoustic energy emitted from the ranging system by a dense concentration of smoke that caused the system to overrange, and the tertiary mode of detection was the reduction in distance indicated by the system caused by a uniformly heated gas. The authors conclude that an ultrasonic sensor is a promising candidate for mine fire detection. Its sensor offers an improvement over a point thermal sensor in the sense that it can detect hot gas or smoke channeling that might bypass a point sensor. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Coal Coal Mining Environmental Monitoring Fires Mining Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Air-quality-monitoring; Detectors; Mine-fires; Combustion-products; Underground-mining; Coal-mining; Safety-research; Warning-systems; Ultrasonics; Mining-industry; Monitors; Monitoring-systems; Fire-safety; Mine-safety; Ultrasonic-frequencies; Fire-detection-systems
• Series:
  Mining Publications
• Subseries:
  Report of Investigations
• ISSN:
  1066-5552
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Case Report
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  PRC - Pittsburgh Research Center
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-15
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00233936
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB96-188149
• Citation:
  Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Energy, Bureau of Mines, RI 9624, 1996 Jan; :1-15
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1996
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Energy, Bureau of Mines, RI 9624
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:23e6f3123ae7ef7fe1a4d74e89ccb9729e65d644141f6260d1eb66f6eee34a70bf1642102394c2c11bf019c4541708d48e52a606b54a2a16df575b01df169171
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/237593/cdc_237593_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 3.50 MB ]