A Self-Management Intervention for African Americans With Comorbid Diabetes and Hypertension: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Details

• Journal Article:
  Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD)
• Personal Author:
  Lynch, Elizabeth B. ; Liebman, Rebecca ; Ventrelle, Jennifer ; Avery, Elizabeth F. ; Richardson, DeJuran
• Description:
  Introduction
  
  The objective of this pilot 6-month randomized controlled trial was to determine the effectiveness of an intensive, community-based, group intervention that focused on diet, physical activity, and peer support for reducing weight among urban-dwelling African Americans with comorbid type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
  
  Methods
  
  Sixty-one participants were randomized into an intervention or control group. The 6-month intervention consisted of 18 group sessions led by a dietitian in a community setting and weekly telephone calls from a peer supporter. The intervention featured culturally tailored nutrition education, behavioral skills training, and social support focused on changes to diet and physical activity. The control group consisted of two 3-hour group sessions of diabetes self-management education taught by a community health worker. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and 6 months. The primary outcome was achievement of a 5% weight reduction at 6 months. A secondary outcome was achievement of a 0.5 percentage-point reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).
  
  Results
  
  Groups did not differ in achievement of the weight-loss goal. Intervention participants lost a mean of 2.8 kg (P = .01); control participants did not lose a significant amount of weight. A greater proportion of intervention (50.0%) than control (21.4%) participants reduced HbA1c by 0.5 percentage points or more at 6 months (P = .03).
  
  Conclusion
  
  The intervention was more effective than usual care (short-term diabetes education) at improving glycemic control, but not weight, in low-income African Americans with comorbid diabetes and hypertension. A community-based 6-month group class with culturally tailored education, behavioral skills training, and peer support can lead to a clinically significant reduction in HbA1c.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Black Or African American Black Or African American/psychology Body Mass Index Comorbidity Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ethnology Exercise/psychology Female Food Preferences Food Preferences/ethnology Glycated Hemoglobin Health Behavior Humans Hypertension Hypertension/ethnology Life Style Male Middle Aged Nutritional Sciences Outcome Assessment, Health Care Patient Education As Topic Pilot Projects Self Care

  More +
• Source:
  Prev Chronic Dis. 11.
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd11.130349
• ISSN:
  1545-1151
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  5R34DK074485/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  Chicago, IL
• Volume:
  11
• Collection(s):
  Preventing Chronic Disease
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:eefdd932518a06a4a60a4b41fdaf50cf4c47fb677cd24a0e3a190a80752928c28dff204d682bb1711b0737852110115ea06cb83d5012024ac9c5de49707fc972
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/23491/cdc_23491_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 681.10 KB ]