Preschool-Aged Household Contacts as a Risk Factor for Viral Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Personnel

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bessesen MT ; Cummings DAT ; Gaydos CA ; Gibert CL ; Gorse GJ ; Most ZM ; Nyquist A-C ; Perl TM ; Price CS ; Radonovich LJ ; Rattigan SM ; Rodriguez-Barradas MC ; Simberkoff MS ; Warren-Gash C
• Description:
  Background: Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are common and are occupational risks for healthcare personnel (HCP). VRIs can also be acquired at home and other settings among HCPs. We sought to determine if preschool-aged household contacts are a risk factor for VRIs among HCPs working in outpatient settings. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a cluster randomized trial at 7 medical centers in the United States over 4 influenza seasons from 2011-2012 to 2014-2015. Adult HCPs who routinely came within 6 feet of patients with respiratory infections were included. Participants were tested for respiratory viruses whenever symptomatic and at 2 random times each season when asymptomatic. The exposure of interest was the number of household contacts 0-5 years old (preschool-aged) at the beginning of each HCP-season. The primary outcome was the rate of polymerase chain reaction-detected VRIs, regardless of symptoms. The VRI incidence rate ratio (IRR) was calculated using a mixed-effects Poisson regression model that accounted for clustering at the clinic level. Results: Among the 4476 HCP-seasons, most HCPs were female (85.4%) and between 30 and 49 years of age (54.6%). The overall VRI rate was 2.04 per 100 person-weeks. In the adjusted analysis, HCPs having 1 (IRR, 1.22 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.05-1.43]) and ≥2 (IRR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.09-1.67]) preschool-aged household contacts had higher VRI rates than those with zero preschool-aged household contacts. Conclusions: Preschool-aged household contacts are a risk factor for developing VRIs among HCPs working in outpatient settings. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Communicable Diseases Health Personnel Influenza, Human Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Viral Diseases
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Healthcare-associated Infections Children Disease Transmission Healthcare Personnel Health Care Workers Infectious Diseases Influenza Respiratory Diseases Risk Factors Viral Infections Viral Respiratory Infections

  More +
• ISSN:
  2328-8957
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Colorado ; District of Columbia ; Florida ; Maryland ; Missouri ; New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 7 ; OSHA Region 8 ; Texas ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  10
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20066999
• Citation:
  Open Forum Infect Dis 2023 Feb; 10(2):ofad057
• Contact Point Address:
  Zachary M. Most, M.D., M.Sc., Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390
• Email:
  zachary.most@utsouthwestern.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2023
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Open Forum Infectious Diseases
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:b0b0c9ec9586d5df8e71d855b480293156402e87414f86f14ec0a529b2cb777ee80b221ced89eaa3ce6556299aefe99df502df1ecf58ddf5d9db5ef6fbc1158f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/231239/cdc_231239_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 618.40 KB ]