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Observational and Interventional Study Design Types; an Overview



Details

  • Personal Author:
    Thiese, Matthew S.
  • Description:
    The appropriate choice in study design is essential for the successful execution of biomedical and public health research. There are many study designs to choose from within two broad categories of observational and interventional studies. Each design has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the need to understand these limitations is necessary to arrive at correct study conclusions. Observational study designs, also called epidemiologic study designs, are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods. Observational study designs include ecological designs, cross sectional, case-control, case-crossover, retrospective and prospective cohorts. An important subset of observational studies is diagnostic study designs, which evaluate the accuracy of diagnostic procedures and tests as compared to other diagnostic measures. These include diagnostic accuracy designs, diagnostic cohort designs, and diagnostic randomized controlled trials. Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease. Each study design has specific outcome measures that rely on the type and quality of data utilized. Additionally, each study design has potential limitations that are more severe and need to be addressed in the design phase of the study. This manuscript is meant to provide an overview of study design types, strengths and weaknesses of common observational and interventional study designs. [Description provided by NIOSH]
  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • ISSN:
    1330-0962
  • Document Type:
    Text
  • Funding:
    Grant
  • Genre:
    Journal Article
  • Place as Subject:
  • CIO:
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Topic:
    Workplace Safety & Health
  • Location:
    North America
  • Pages in Document:
    12 pdf pages
  • Volume:
    24
  • Issue:
    2
  • NIOSHTIC Number:
    nn:20067383
  • Citation:
    Biochem Med 2014 Jun; 24(2):199-210
  • Contact Point Address:
    Matthew S. Thiese, Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
  • Email:
    matt.thiese@hsc.utah.edu
  • Federal Fiscal Year:
    2014
  • Performing Organization:
    University of Utah
  • Peer Reviewed:
    True
  • Start Date:
    20050701
  • Source Full Name:
    Biochemia Medica
  • End Date:
    20280630
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:e516936a2251f6c49aa69f0e5b8cbb0550e48d5612c86002f5fa32c190c8b276019e071ccbb100ecdefcac9a1f58a65fbb3bd70f550916a67a9cc7f97c60924b
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 113.16 KB ]
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