Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Attention in Young Mexican-American Children: The CHAMACOS Study

Details

• Journal Article:
  Environmental Health Perspectives
• Personal Author:
  Marks, Amy R. ; Harley, Kim G. ; Bradman, Asa ; Kogut, Katherine ; Barr, Dana B. ; Johnson, Caroline ; Calderon, Norma ; Eskenazi, Brenda
• Description:
  BACKGROUND: Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides, well-known neurotoxicants, has been associated with neurobehavioral deficits in children. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether OP exposure, as measured by urinary dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites in pregnant women and their children, was associated with attention-related outcomes among Mexican-American children living in an agricultural region of California. METHODS: Children were assessed at ages 3.5 years (n = 331) and 5 years (n = 323). Mothers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We administered the NEPSY-II visual attention subtest to children at 3.5 years and Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT) at 5 years. The K-CPT yielded a standardized attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Confidence Index score. Psychometricians scored behavior of the 5-year-olds during testing using the Hillside Behavior Rating Scale. RESULTS: Prenatal DAPs (nanomoles per liter) were nonsignificantly associated with maternal report of attention problems and ADHD at age 3.5 years but were significantly related at age 5 years [CBCL attention problems: β = 0.7 points; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.2-1.2; ADHD: β = 1.3; 95% CI, 0.4-2.1]. Prenatal DAPs were associated with scores on the K-CPT ADHD Confidence Index > 70th percentile [odds ratio (OR) = 5.1; 95% CI, 1.7-15.7] and with a composite ADHD indicator of the various measures (OR = 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1-10.7). Some outcomes exhibited evidence of effect modification by sex, with associations found only among boys. There was also limited evidence of associations between child DAPs and attention. CONCLUSIONS: In utero DAPs and, to a lesser extent, postnatal DAPs were associated adversely with attention as assessed by maternal report, psychometrician observation, and direct assessment. These associations were somewhat stronger at 5 years than at 3.5 years and were stronger in boys. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Agriculture Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity Behavior Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollutants Family Farmers Insecticides Longitudinal Studies Mental Disorders Models, Statistical Nervous System Occupational Health Organophosphates Organophosphorus Compounds Pregnancy Safety Urine Young Adult

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• Keywords:
  Organo-phosphorus-pesticides; Families; Farmers; Agricultural-chemicals; Agricultural-workers; Children; Neurotoxic-effects; Behavioral-disorders; Pesticides; Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals; Urinalysis; Prenatal-exposure; Behavioral-testing; In-utero-exposure
• Source:
  Environ Health Perspect 2010 Dec; 118(12):1768-1774
• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Pubmed ID:
  21126939
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC3002198
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; R01 OH007400/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Georgia ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  7 pdf pages
• Volume:
  118
• Issue:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20038089
• Contact Point Address:
  B. Eskenazi, Center for Children's Environmental Health Research, School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
• Email:
  eskenazi@berkeley.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Berkeley
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c97bdb48851c0a9d8abe65457056bf446b1fd21bf19a55a2e7f5d5611e10c7ae49e0638887d4d7ab2eec1e409aba378708baa59e30c72977dda0156d724c9e3d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/22869/cdc_22869_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 363.55 KB ]