Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Bars and Restaurants in Guatemala City: Before and After Smoking Ban Evaluation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Arvizu M ; Barnoya J ; Breysse PN ; Hernandez JC ; Jones MR ; Navas-Acien A
• Description:
  Objective: In February 2009, Guatemala implemented a comprehensive smoking ban. We assessed air nicotine levels in bars and restaurants 6 months after the ban (post-ban) and compared them with levels found in 2006 (pre-ban). Methods: Exposure was estimated by passive sampling of vapor-phase nicotine using samplers (n = 50) placed for 7 working days in 10 bars and 11 restaurants in Guatemala City. Air nicotine was measured by gas chromatography, and the time-weighted average concentration in microg/m3 was estimated. Employees answered a survey about smoke-free workplaces (n = 32) and compared with pre-ban (n = 37) results. Results: Nicotine was detectable in all bars pre- and post-ban. In restaurants, it was detectable in all pre- and 73% post-ban. Median nicotine concentrations in bars significantly decreased from 4.58 microg/m3 (IQR, 1.71, 6.45) pre-ban to 0.28 microg/m3 (IQR 0.17, 0.66) post-ban (87% decrease). In restaurants, concentrations significantly decreased from 0.58 microg/m3 (IQR, 0.44, 0.71) to 0.04 microg/m3 (IQR 0.01, 0.11) (95% decrease). Employees' support for a smoke-free workplace increased in the post-ban survey (from 32 to 81%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Six months after the implementation of a smoke-free law in Guatemala, nicotine levels were significantly decreased in bars and restaurants and workers' support for the law substantially increased. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Environmental Exposure Environmental Monitoring Environmental Pollution Food Handling Food Industry Nicotine Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Smoke Smokers Tobacco Products

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• Keywords:
  Air Quality Air Sampling Author Keywords: Tobacco Environmental Pollution Food Services Occupational Exposure Secondhand Smoke Smoke-free Environments Smoking Tobacco Smoke Tobacco Smoke Pollution

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• ISSN:
  0957-5243
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Missouri ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 7
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  151-156
• Volume:
  22
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20062730
• Citation:
  Cancer Causes Control 2011 Jan; 22(1):151-156
• Contact Point Address:
  Joaquin Barnoya, 6a Av 8-71 zona 10. Clinica #3 Ala Sur.Guatemala, Guatemala 01010, Guatemala
• Email:
  jbarnoya@post.harvard.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  (-)-Nicotine (CAS RN 54-11-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Performing Organization:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Cancer Causes and Control
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a61e87f8b23a8a5fe173589ef95025773528d30093e1bdb65cfb61ee5e334cb5154da2d50f200d0bcea1da0b3f34ec562ee7634cf0b304742120165b0a596e9d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225921/cdc_225921_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 187.80 KB ]