Distal Airway Dysfunction Identifies Pulmonary Inflammation in Asymptomatic Smokers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Berger KI ; Goldring RM ; Oppenheimer BW ; Pradhan DR ; Rom, William N. ; Segal LN
• Description:
  Smoking induced inflammation leads to distal airway destruction. However, the relationship between distal airway dysfunction and inflammation remains unclear, particularly in smokers prior to the development of airway obstruction. Seven normal controls and 16 smokers without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were studied. Respiratory function was assessed using the forced oscillation technique (FOT). Abnormal FOT was defined as elevated resistance at 5 Hz (R5). Parameters reflecting distal lung function included frequency dependence of resistance (R5-20) and dynamic elastance (X5). Inflammation was quantified in concentrated bronchoalveolar lavage utilising cell count differential and cytokines expressed as concentration per mL epithelial lining fluid. All control subjects and seven smokers had normal R5. Nine smokers had elevated R5 with abnormal R5-20 and X5, indicating distal lung dysfunction. The presence of abnormal FOT was associated with twofold higher lymphocyte and neutrophil counts (p<0.025) and with higher interleukin (IL)-8, eotaxin and fractalkine levels ( p<0.01). Reactivity of R5-20 and X5 correlated with levels of IL-8, eotaxin, fractalkine, IL-12p70 and transforming growth factor-alpha (r>0.47, p<0.01). Distal airway dysfunction in smokers without COPD identifies the presence of distal lung inflammation that parallel reported observations in established COPD. These findings were not evident on routine pulmonary function testing and may allow the identification of smokers at risk of progression to COPD. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Immune System Lung Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Smokers Tobacco Products
• Keywords:
  Airway Resistance Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Cigarette Smoking COPD Cytokines Immune Reaction Lung Function Neutrophils Pulmonary Effects Respiratory Function
• ISSN:
  2312-0541
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Contract
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  2
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20062407
• Citation:
  ERJ Open Res 2016 Nov; 2(4):00066-2016
• Contact Point Address:
  Leopoldo N. Segal, NYU School of Medicine, 462 First Ave 7W54, New York, NY 10016, USA
• Email:
  Leopoldo.Segal@nyumc.org
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• Performing Organization:
  New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20080929
• Source Full Name:
  European Respiratory Journal Open Research
• End Date:
  20110928
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:dfeb1caae995b08f78fb2943695855e9751f528ff2aa2283ee6f6eaa3bbdaf2612d24fbaa058a66df0070b1f04f5342e678806d6c01abb71dff6eee8d3a4309e
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225663/cdc_225663_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 465.12 KB ]