Reactive Astrocyte Nomenclature, Definitions, and Future Directions

Details

• Personal Author:
  Agarwal A ; Allen NJ ; Araque A ; Barbeito L ; Barzilai A ; Bergles DE ; Bonvento G ; Butt AM ; Carmignoto G ; Chen W-T ; Cohen-Salmon M ; Cunningham C ; De Strooper B ; Deneen B ; Díaz-Castro B ; Escartin C ; Farina C ; Freeman M ; Galea E ; Gallo V ; Goldman JE ; Goldman SA ; Götz M ; Gutiérrez A ; Haydon PG ; Heiland DH ; Hol EM ; Holt MG ; Iino M ; Kastanenka KV ; Kettenmann H ; Khakh BS ; Koizumi S ; Lakatos A ; Lee CJ ; Liddelow SA ; MacVicar BA ; Magistretti P ; Messing A ; Mishra A ; Molofsky AV ; Murai KK ; Norris CM ; O'Callaghan JP ; Okada S ; Oliet SHR ; Oliveira JF ; Panatier A ; Parpura V ; Pekna M ; Pekny M ; Pellerin L ; Perea G ; Pérez-Nievas BG ; Petzold GC ; Pfrieger FW ; Poskanzer KE ; Quintana FJ ; Ransohoff RM ; Riquelme-Perez M ; Robel S ; Rose CR ; Rothstein JD ; Rouach N ; Rowitch DH ; Semyanov A ; Serrano-Pozo A ; Sirko S ; Sofroniew MV ; Sontheimer H ; Steinhäuser C ; Swanson RA ; Verkhratsky A ; Vitorica J ; Volterra A ; Wanner I-B ; Wood LB ; Wu J ; Zheng B ; Zimmer ER ; Zorec R
• Description:
  Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling was first described over a century ago, uncertainties and controversies remain regarding the contribution of reactive astrocytes to CNS diseases, repair, and aging. It is also unclear whether fixed categories of reactive astrocytes exist and, if so, how to identify them. We point out the shortcomings of binary divisions of reactive astrocytes into good-vs-bad, neurotoxic-vs-neuroprotective or A1-vs-A2. We advocate, instead, that research on reactive astrocytes include assessment of multiple molecular and functional parameters-preferably in vivo-plus multivariate statistics and determination of impact on pathological hallmarks in relevant models. These guidelines may spur the discovery of astrocyte-based biomarkers as well as astrocyte-targeting therapies that abrogate detrimental actions of reactive astrocytes, potentiate their neuro- and glioprotective actions, and restore or augment their homeostatic, modulatory, and defensive functions. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Nervous System Occupational Health Pathology Safety
• Keywords:
  Brain Disorders Brain Matter Cell Biology Cell Function Cell Morphology Cellular Effects Cellular Reactions Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Disorders Guidelines Models Molecular Biology Morphology Nerve Tissue Nervous System Function Neurotoxicity

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• ISSN:
  1097-6256
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Alabama ; California ; District of Columbia ; Kentucky ; Massachusetts ; Minnesota ; Missouri ; New York ; Oregon ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 7 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Texas ; West Virginia ; Wisconsin
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  312-325
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20062125
• Citation:
  Nat Neurosci 2021 Mar; 24(3):312-325
• Contact Point Address:
  Carole Escartin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
• Email:
  carole.escartin@cea.fr
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Nature Neuroscience
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4d2af9365c0a8c2ab764e84e2fae8782b0b582e5e353bbbbca988e01ea7ec6f10f5d4b88ee26deb7ef8bd0bec842a49d1369a34e5973bab11d4af570ee4b3f05
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225437/cdc_225437_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.04 MB ]