Standardizing Discrete-Time Hazard Ratios with a Disease Risk Score

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cole SR ; Edwards JK ; Keil AP ; Kinlaw AC ; Richardson DB
• Description:
  The disease risk score (DRS) is a summary score that is a function of a potentially large set of covariates. The DRS can be used to control for confounding by the covariates that went into estimation of the DRS and obtain a standardized estimate of an exposure's effect on disease. However, to date, literature on the DRS has not addressed analyses that focus on estimation of survival or hazard functions, which are common in epidemiologic analyses of cohort data. Here, we propose a method for standardization of hazard ratios using the DRS in longitudinal analyses of the association between a binary exposure and an outcome. This approach to handling a potentially large set of covariates through a model-based approach to standardization may provide a useful tool for cohort analyses of hazard ratios and may be particularly well-suited to settings where an exposure propensity score is difficult to model. Simulations are used in this paper to illustrate the approach, and an empirical example is provided. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cohort Studies Epidemiology Hazardous Substances Occupational Health Quality Control Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Cohort Studies Cohort Studies Disease Risk Score Diseases Exposure Assessment Hazard Identification Quality Standards Regression Analysis Standardization
• ISSN:
  0002-9262
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  189
• Issue:
  10
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20061530
• Citation:
  Am J Epidemiol 2020 Oct; 189(10):1197-1203
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. David B. Richardson, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
• Email:
  david.richardson@unc.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities
• Performing Organization:
  University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20190801
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Epidemiology
• End Date:
  20220731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ff1983b9b61491813693731e39c13da35400a1b15e4ff32480afc523d686442a36e4047d2dc9011c483725a3b102919d128837f8a6946f18ec361ccbb0384bcc
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225041/cdc_225041_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 452.40 KB ]