Biological Effects of Inhaled Hydraulic Fracturing Sand Dust. II. Particle Characterization and Pulmonary Effects 30 D Following Intratracheal Instillation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barger M ; Coyle J ; Dozier, Alan K. ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Friend SA ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Jackson MC ; Kashon ML ; Leonard, Stephen S. ; McKinney W ; Park, Ju-Hyeong ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Snawder, John E. ; Thompson JA
• Description:
  Hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") is used in unconventional gas drilling to allow for the free flow of natural gas from rock. Sand in fracking fluid is pumped into the well bore under high pressure to enter and stabilize fissures in the rock. In the process of manipulating the sand on site, respirable dust (fracking sand dust, FSD) is generated. Inhalation of FSD is a potential hazard to workers inasmuch as respirable crystalline silica causes silicosis, and levels of FSD at drilling work sites have exceeded occupational exposure limits set by OSHA. In the absence of any information about its potential toxicity, a comprehensive rat animal model was designed to investigate the bioactivities of several FSDs in comparison to MIN-U-SIL 5, a respirable alpha-quartz reference dust used in previous animal models of silicosis, in several organ systems (see Fedan, J.S., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 409:115329, Dec 2020. The present report, part of the larger investigation, describes: 1) a comparison of the physico-chemical properties of nine FSDs, collected at drilling sites, and MIN-U-SIL5, a reference silica dust, and 2) a comparison of the pulmonary inflammatory responses to intratracheal instillation of the nine FSDs and MIN-USIL 5. Our findings indicate that, in many respects, the physico-chemical characteristics, and the biological effects of the FSDs and MIN-U-SIL 5 after intratracheal instillation, have distinct differences. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Dust Occupational Health Oil And Gas Industry Quartz Respiratory System Safety Silicon Dioxide
• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Author Keywords: Fracking Sand Dust Biological Effects Crystalline Silica Dust Exposure Dusts Exposure Assessment Fracking Gas Industry Hydraulic Fracturing Inhalation MIN-U-SIL Oil Industry Particle Characterization Quartz Dust Rat Model Respirable Dust Sand Silica Silicosis

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• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  409
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20061246
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020 Dec; 409:115282
• Contact Point Address:
  Jeffrey S. Fedan, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane, Morgantown, WV 26508, United States of America
• Email:
  jsf2@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• NORA Priority Area:
  Oil and Gas Extraction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:826bed6d46b5c2af7141957b2e5a4bd97322605ef30a1cfd31cdb2295dee72ee36b1987260ae7379297a6c2dbf45981a7c86a180bba4c3784f2728a13d22ad09
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/224842/cdc_224842_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 8.82 MB ]