Tobacco Smoke Exposure Exacerbated Crystalline Silica-Induced Lung Toxicity in Rats

Details

• Personal Author:
  Joseph P ; Kashon ML ; Leonard HD ; McKinney WG ; Mustafa GM ; Sager TM ; Umbright CM ; Yanamala N
• Description:
  Smoking may modify the lung response to silica exposure including cancer and silicosis. Nevertheless, the precise role of exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) on the lung response to crystalline silica (CS) exposure and the underlying mechanisms need further clarification. The objectives of the present study were to determine the role of TS on lung response to CS exposure and the underlying mechanism(s). Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed by inhalation to air, CS (15 mg/m3, 6 hrs/day, 5 days), TS (80 mg/m3, 3 hrs/day, twice weekly, 6 months), or CS (15 mg/m3, 6 hrs/day, 5 days) followed by TS (80 mg/m3, 3 hrs/day, twice weekly, 6 months). The rats were euthanized 6 months and 3 weeks following initiation of the first exposure and the lung response was assessed. Silica exposure resulted in significant lung toxicity as evidenced by lung histological changes, enhanced neutrophil infiltration, increased LDH levels, enhanced oxidant production, and increased cytokine levels. The TS exposure alone had only a minimal effect on these toxicity parameters. However, the combined exposure to TS and CS exacerbated the lung response, compared to TS or CS exposure alone. Global gene expression changes in the lungs correlated with the lung toxicity severity. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data demonstrated significant enrichment in functions, pathways, and networks relevant to the response to CS exposure which correlated with the lung toxicity detected. Collectively our data demonstrated an exacerbation of CS-induced lung toxicity by TS exposure and the molecular mechanisms underlying the exacerbated toxicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Laboratories Lung Diseases Neoplasms Occupational Health Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide Smoke Smokers Tobacco Products
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Crystalline Silica Cancer Crystalline Silica Cytokines Gene Expression Laboratory Animals Lung Disease Lung Toxicity Mechanisms Respiratory System Disorders Silicosis Smoking Tobacco Smoke Toxic Effects

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  375-390
• Volume:
  178
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20061204
• Citation:
  Toxicol Sci 2020 Dec; 178(2):375-390
• Contact Point Address:
  Pius Joseph, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  pcj@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction ; Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicological Sciences
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c1f73cae4820b357f16dad4a25b36290ee5dd4f1674c58dabe556548c4cf0cce4ad7d0140705b501986fb4f6437cec5ba13bb1477f08a0cd6a3bcce7d6fdae48
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/224819/cdc_224819_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 604.42 KB ]