Aerosol Generation Model for Cough Simulations

Details

• Personal Author:
  Celik IB ; Ersahin C ; Lindsley, William G.
• Description:
  The airborne transmission of disease is of great concern to the public health community because of the pandemic potential of newly emerging diseases like avian influenza. The possible spread of infectious disease by aerosols is of particular concern among health-care workers and emergency responders, who face a much greater risk of exposure to these hazards than does the general public. Influenza is believed to spread by dissemination and inhalation of aerosols of relatively small droplets that are produced by coughing and remain airborne for an extended time but the actual mechanisms of transmission are not well understood. For that reason a better understanding of the processes which lead to generation of aerosols is important. The goal of this study is to investigate the air-flow dynamics and the aerosol generation during coughing. A fairly simple model is developed for simulation of the flow inside the upper respiratory tract, focusing on the larynx and its vicinity, and to predict the number and size distribution of the aerosols generated during coughing. The aerosol generation and entrainment model (AGEM) is composed of droplet entrainment, generation and the break up models. The flow model solves for the velocity shear stress and pressure distribution, as well as the turbulent kinetic energy. These, in turn, are used as input parameters in AGEM to calculate the aerosol formations during a cough. The size distribution of the aerosol droplets after coughing is calculated and compared with the experimental results. The model is shown to be capable of calculating the size distribution of aerosols consistent with the experimental findings. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Communicable Diseases Influenza, Human Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Viral Diseases
• Keywords:
  Aerosol Particles Airborne Particles Bioaerosols Disease Transmission Infectious Diseases Influenza Models Particle Aerodynamics Respiratory Diseases Viral Diseases
• ISBN:
  9781901769156
• Publisher:
  International Medical Press
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  498-500
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20060585
• Citation:
  Proceedings of the International Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VI, June 17-23, 2007, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Katz JM ed. London: International Medical Press, 2008 Jan; :498-500
• Editor(s):
  Katz JM
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2008
• Performing Organization:
  West Virginia University
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20060801
• Source Full Name:
  Proceedings of the International Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VI, June 17-23, 2007, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
• End Date:
  20100831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:dda171f23657eea1a1d8678a11e2cc0304792906d50fed4812b248d020dd5572bac7698f79cb26ffb143adc2f4ccbac7019938385da145b48e5d7f99a83046ca
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/224447/cdc_224447_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 485.54 KB ]