A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Effects of PM10 on 1990 U.S. Mortality

Details

• Personal Author:
  Gwynn RC ; Thurston GD
• Description:
  Recent time-series analyses have indicated that there is an association between particulate matter less than 10 micro m in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and increased human mortality. An alternative method to assess the relationship between particulate air pollution and health is to analyze the differences in the annual mortality rates and the corresponding pollution levels across metropolitan areas. Past such cross-sectional mortality studies have produced correlations between air pollution and mortality ranging from non-significant to extremely significant. One of the most consistently significant relationships across all studies has been that between sulfate (SO4) air pollution and total mortality. In the most recent of these (for 1980), Ozkaynak and Thurston (1987) reported that the strongest particulate matter associations were found with measures of the fine mass and sulfates, but not with total suspended particulate matter (TSP). Cross-sectional analyses methods have not yet been applied to assess the human mortality effects of PM10. During the 1980's, the data for particulate matter available for application to such cross-sectional studies have been greatly improved, with the advent of the routine measurement of PM10 throughout the U.S. In this study, we have developed and analyzed an exclusive database of the 1990 U.S. vital statistics and ambient air pollution data for 117 metropolitan statistical areas. Multiple regression techniques were used to test for and examine relationships between 1990 particle pollution levels and total mortality rates in the United States. Other pollutant predictors considered in this analysis were SO4, SO1, NO2, O3 and TSP. Additionally, population and socio-economic variables such as mean age, population density, and percentage of the population: over 65, with 4 or more years of college, living below poverty level and that is non-white, were also included in the regression model. Comparisons are made between recent U.S. lime series results for PM10 and the cross-sectional PM10 results from this work, and conclusions are drawn regarding the mortality effects of PM10 in the U.S. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution Mortality Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety
• Keywords:
  Air Pollutants Air Pollution Cross Sectional Studies Health Effects Mortality Data Particulates
• ISSN:
  1044-3983
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  6
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20060117
• Citation:
  Epidemiology 1995 Mar; 6(2)(Suppl):S18
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• Performing Organization:
  Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19920701
• Source Full Name:
  Epidemiology
• Supplement:
  Supplement
• End Date:
  19970630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:293e2bc3e479b8e7c5f93ee94f5a5be5b4f72cae33fc70c059ca29f4385ac6994f68b5d282a8f08c7966cfe4097752dfa877632e834cf67dccb2d389ea908e2c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/224131/cdc_224131_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 211.61 KB ]